A method of performing an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reaction to produce C.sub.2+ compounds using a low temperature gas mixture feed is provided. The method includes introducing a gas mixture feed containing methane, oxygen, hydrogen, and carbon monoxide at a temperature of less than or equal to 300° C. to an inlet of an OCM reactor, which contains a combustion catalyst and an OCM catalyst. At least a portion of the gas mixture feed is combusted using the combustion catalyst to generate a heated gas mixture having a temperature of at least 450° C. The heated gas mixture contacts the OCM catalyst to initiate an OCM reaction and produce an OCM effluent that includes C.sub.2+ compounds. A system for performing an OCM reaction using a low temperature feedstock gas mixture is also provided.

Described are a catalyst for producing isopropylbenzene and the production method and use thereof. The catalyst includes a support and an active component supported on the support, wherein the support comprises a support substrate and a modifying auxiliary component supported on the support substrate, wherein the active component includes metal palladium and/or an oxide thereof, and the modifying auxiliary component is phosphorus and/or an oxide thereof; optionally, the active component further includes metal copper and/or an oxide thereof; the catalyst further includes a sulfur-containing compound.

The present invention relates to a process for making 1,4-butanediol. The process may include reacting a solution comprising 1,4-butynediol with hydrogen in a presence of an effective amount of a catalyst. The catalyst may include copper.

A process for preparing a catalyst comprising nickel and copper, comprising the following steps: impregnating the porous support with a volume of a butanol solution of between 0.2 and 0.8 times the total pore volume of the support; maturing the impregnated porous support for 0.5 to 40 hours; impregnating the matured impregnated support with a solution comprising a precursor of the nickel active phase; impregnating the support with a solution containing a copper precursor and a nickel precursor.

Systems for preparing butenes are provided. The systems can include a reactor inlet coupled to both a reactor and at least one reactant reservoir; at least one of the reactant reservoirs containing one or both of an aldehyde and/or ethanol; a catalyst within the reactor, the catalyst comprising a metal component and an acidic support material; and a reactor outlet operationally configured to convey a butene-rich reaction product to a product reservoir. Methods for preparing butenes are also provided. The methods can include exposing one or both of ethanol and/or an aldehyde to a catalyst comprising a metal component and an acidic support to form a butene-rich product that comprises one or both of 1-butene and/or 2-butene.

A process includes reacting a feed stream containing ethanol and optionally acetaldehyde in a dehydration reactor in the presence of a dehydration catalyst system having a Group 4 or Group 5 metal oxide and a support. The process includes obtaining a product stream containing butadiene from the dehydration reactor. Another process includes reacting a feed stream containing ethanol and optionally acetaldehyde in a dehydration reactor in the presence of a dehydration catalyst system containing a tungsten oxide supported on a zeolite or a tantalum oxide supported on a zeolite. The process includes obtaining a product stream containing butadiene from the dehydration reactor.

The present invention relates to a process for producing butadiene from ethanol, in two reaction steps, comprising a step a) of converting ethanol into acetaldehyde and a step b) of conversion into butadiene, said step b) simultaneously implementing a reaction step and a regeneration step in (n+n/2) fixed-bed reactors, n being equal to 2 or a multiple thereof, comprising a catalyst, said regeneration step comprising four successive regeneration phases, said step b) also implementing a regeneration loop for the inert gas and at least one regeneration loop for the gas streams comprising oxygen.

The present invention relates to a process for producing butadiene from ethanol, in two reaction steps, comprising a step a) of converting ethanol into acetaldehyde and a step b) of conversion into butadiene, said step b) simultaneously implementing a reaction step and a regeneration step in (n+n/2) fixed-bed reactors, n being equal to 4 or a multiple thereof, comprising a catalyst, said regeneration step comprising four successive regeneration phases, said step b) also implementing three regeneration loops.

The present disclosure relates to a method that includes converting a gas stream that contains hydrogen (H.sub.2) and carbon monoxide (CO) to a second mixture that contains a hydrocarbon, for example, a hydrocarbon having between 3 and 15 carbon atoms, where the converting is performed using a first catalyst configured to convert H.sub.2 and CO to methanol, a second catalyst configured to convert methanol to dimethyl ether (DME), and a third catalyst configured to convert DME to the hydrocarbon.

Processes for forming multimetallic catalysts by grafting nickel precusors to metal oxide supports. Dry reforming reaction catalysts having nickel and promotors grafted to metal oxides supports. Methanation reaction catalysts having nickel and promotors grafted to metal oxides supports.