A method for preparing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is provided. The method includes providing expanded potential stem cells or a first cell culture including the expanded potential stem cells; culturing the expanded potential stem cells or the first cell culture in a trophoblast stem cell (TSC) differentiation medium to obtain trophoblast stem cells or a second cell culture including the trophoblast stem cells; culturing the trophoblast stem cells or the second cell culture in a mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation medium to obtain mesenchymal stem cells or a third cell culture including the mesenchymal stem cells; and passaging the mesenchymal stem cells or the third cell culture in an MSC expansion medium while maintaining characteristics of the mesenchymal stem cells.

The present invention relates to a method for isolating umbilical cord-derived stem cells, and more specifically to a method for isolating a significantly large number of mesenchymal stem cells from the umbilical cord having a specified size. The method of the present invention has a great advantage in that since stem cells can be isolated from an umbilical cord tissue without enzymatic treatment, stress applied to the cells can be significantly suppressed. In addition, stem cells obtained by the method of the present invention have superior proliferative capacity compared to stem cells obtained by conventional isolation methods.

The invention relates to a method of making a culture medium suitable for isolating a mesenchymal stem cell population from the amniotic membrane of the umbilical cord, the method comprising mixing to obtain a final volume of 500 ml culture medium: i. 250 ml of DMEM ii. 118 ml M171 iii. 118 ml DMEM/F12 iv. 12.5 ml Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) (final concentration of 2.5%).

The invention also relates to a cell culture medium comprising: DMEM in the final concentration of about 55 to 65% (v/v), F12 in a final concentration of about 5 to 15% (v/v), M171 in a final concentration of about 15 to 30% (v/v) and FBS in a final concentration of about 1 to 8% (v/v).

Methods of reducing T cell activation including co-culturing with T cells, term amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem cells (TAF-MSCs) isolated from term human amniotic fluid. Other aspects relate to methods of inhibiting macrophage polarization toward the M1 pro-inflammatory phenotype including co-culturing with macrophages TAF-MSCs isolated from term human amniotic fluid. Other aspects relate to methods of inhibiting cytokine secretion from activated Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell (PBMC) including co-culturing with the PBMC tissue-typed TAF-MSCs isolated from human amniotic fluid. Other aspects relate to methods of differentiating TAF-MSC including: obtaining TAF-MSC cells from term amniotic fluid, plating the TAF-MSC cells in limiting dilution to obtain expanded colonies from single cells, and transferring the cells to a differentiation media that contains one or more factor to differentiate the TAF-MSC cells.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a composition which comprises animal protein, comprising (a) isolating precursor cells from perinatal tissue of a mammal; (b) incubating the precursor cells under conditions which lead to a myogenic differentiation of the precursor cells; and (c) harvesting the cells. The present invention also relates to a method for producing precursor cells from perinatal tissue, to animal protein produced according to the invention, and precursor cells produced according to the invention. The present invention further relates to the use of a culture medium which has a reduced content of methionine in comparison to standard medium, to the differentiation of precursor cells, and to a method for the in vitro production of a meat-like composition.

The present disclosure provides compositions and methods related to the derivation of trophoblast stem cells. In particular, the present disclosure provides novel formulations and methods for deriving and maintaining trophoblast stem cells from human pluripotent stem cells, which can be used for basic research purposes as well as for developing treatments for pregnancy-associated pathologies such as preeclampsia, recurrent loss of pregnancy, placenta accreta, and intrauterine growth restriction.

A method for preparing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is provided. The method includes providing expanded potential stem cells or a first cell culture including the expanded potential stem cells; culturing the expanded potential stem cells or the first cell culture in a trophoblast stem cell (TSC) differentiation medium to obtain trophoblast stem cells or a second cell culture including the trophoblast stem cells; culturing the trophoblast stem cells or the second cell culture in a mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation medium to obtain mesenchymal stem cells or a third cell culture including the mesenchymal stem cells; and passaging the mesenchymal stem cells or the third cell culture in an MSC expansion medium while maintaining characteristics of the mesenchymal stem cells.

Disclosed herein include methods and compositions for culture medias for in vitro culture of synthetic embryos from mammalian pluripotent stem cells and extra-embryonic stem cells. The methods and compositions described herein can generate synthetic embryos at different developmental stage reaching early organogenesis and beyond. Disclosed herein also include an embryo culturing system and methods of using same.