Compositions of matter, methods, devices, systems and apparatus for detecting analytes are disclosed including, for example, protein switches and their use in an in vivo sensor. The protein switch can be used to determine a level of an analyte that is diagnostic for health and/or well-being of a subject.

Compositions of matter, methods, devices, systems and apparatus for detecting analytes are disclosed including, for example, protein switches and their use in an in vivo sensor. The protein switch can be used to determine a level of an analyte that is diagnostic for health and/or well-being of a subject.

Disclosed are a biosensor structure for sample measurement and a sample measuring method using same. In a biosensor electrode structure for sample measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention, a working electrode, which is an electrode for measuring a sample, and a reference electrode are arranged to be spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction of a sample insertion channel, a working protrusion, which is a protrusion of the working electrode, and two reference protrusions, which are protrusions of the reference electrode, are alternately arranged at a part corresponding to the sample insertion channel, the ratio of the area of the working protrusion to the areas of the reference protrusions is equal to or greater than 1, at least one recognition electrode for recognizing the sample is disposed adjacent to the working electrode or the reference electrode and parallel to the working electrode and the reference electrode while being spaced apart from the working electrode and the reference electrode, and the at least one recognition electrode has at least one recognition protrusion which is a protrusion disposed at the part corresponding to the sample insertion channel.

Disclosed are a biosensor structure for sample measurement and a sample measuring method using same. In a biosensor electrode structure for sample measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention, a working electrode, which is an electrode for measuring a sample, and a reference electrode are arranged to be spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction of a sample insertion channel, a working protrusion, which is a protrusion of the working electrode, and two reference protrusions, which are protrusions of the reference electrode, are alternately arranged at a part corresponding to the sample insertion channel, the ratio of the area of the working protrusion to the areas of the reference protrusions is equal to or greater than 1, at least one recognition electrode for recognizing the sample is disposed adjacent to the working electrode or the reference electrode and parallel to the working electrode and the reference electrode while being spaced apart from the working electrode and the reference electrode, and the at least one recognition electrode has at least one recognition protrusion which is a protrusion disposed at the part corresponding to the sample insertion channel.

The present invention identifies AKR1C1 as the first lipedema-associated gene. The invention provides methods for diagnosing or assessing an individual's susceptibility to lipedema by the analysis of the AKR1C1 gene or the expression levels of its product and related metabolites. Also provided are therapeutic methods for treating a patient or methods for prophylactically treating an individual susceptible to lipedema.

The present invention identifies AKR1C1 as the first lipedema-associated gene. The invention provides methods for diagnosing or assessing an individual's susceptibility to lipedema by the analysis of the AKR1C1 gene or the expression levels of its product and related metabolites. Also provided are therapeutic methods for treating a patient or methods for prophylactically treating an individual susceptible to lipedema.

Provided are compositions related to HSD17B13 variants, including isolated nucleic acids and proteins related to variants of HSD17B13, and cells comprising those nucleic acids and proteins. Also provided are methods related to HSD17B13 variants. Such methods include methods for modifying a cell through use of any combination of nuclease agents, exogenous donor sequences, transcriptional activators, transcriptional repressors, and expression vectors for expressing a recombinant HSD17B13 gene or a nucleic acid encoding an HSD17B13 protein. Also provided are therapeutic and prophylactic methods for treating a subject having or at risk of developing chronic liver disease.

Provided are compositions related to HSD17B13 variants, including isolated nucleic acids and proteins related to variants of HSD17B13, and cells comprising those nucleic acids and proteins. Also provided are methods related to HSD17B13 variants. Such methods include methods for modifying a cell through use of any combination of nuclease agents, exogenous donor sequences, transcriptional activators, transcriptional repressors, and expression vectors for expressing a recombinant HSD17B13 gene or a nucleic acid encoding an HSD17B13 protein. Also provided are therapeutic and prophylactic methods for treating a subject having or at risk of developing chronic liver disease.

This invention relates to inhibitors of UDP-glucose dehydrogenase, and more particularly to UDP-glucose dehydrogenase inhibitors that are useful in the treatment of prostate cancer. Methods of inhibiting UDP-glucose dehydrogenase and improving the efficacy of additional prostate cancer therapies are also provided.

This invention relates to inhibitors of UDP-glucose dehydrogenase, and more particularly to UDP-glucose dehydrogenase inhibitors that are useful in the treatment of prostate cancer. Methods of inhibiting UDP-glucose dehydrogenase and improving the efficacy of additional prostate cancer therapies are also provided.