Provided by the present disclosure are fluorescent proteins that can detect kinase activity. The fluorescent proteins of the present disclosure have us in, for example, detecting kinase activity in any eukaryotic cell.

The invention pertains to a PPA from a microorganism belonging to the family Halobacteriaceae (HPPA), for example, a PPA from Haloferax volcanii. The HPPA provided by the invention is soluble, thermostable and active at high concentrations of salt and/or organic solvent. An embodiment of the invention provides a method of increasing the rate of a reaction by adding an HPPA to the reaction mixture, wherein the reaction produces PPi, for example, an enzymatic reaction, and wherein the reaction is carried out at moderately high temperature and/or low water activity. Further embodiments of the invention provide an assay to detect the PPi released during a reaction which produces PPi by adding an HPPA to convert the PPi in to Pi and measuring the resultant Pi. The invention further pertains to an assay to monitor a reaction which produces PPi in the presence or the absence of an HPPA.

The invention pertains to a PPA from a microorganism belonging to the family Halobacteriaceae (HPPA), for example, a PPA from Haloferax volcanii. The HPPA provided by the invention is soluble, thermostable and active at high concentrations of salt and/or organic solvent. An embodiment of the invention provides a method of increasing the rate of a reaction by adding an HPPA to the reaction mixture, wherein the reaction produces PPi, for example, an enzymatic reaction, and wherein the reaction is carried out at moderately high temperature and/or low water activity. Further embodiments of the invention provide an assay to detect the PPi released during a reaction which produces PPi by adding an HPPA to convert the PPi in to Pi and measuring the resultant Pi. The invention further pertains to an assay to monitor a reaction which produces PPi in the presence or the absence of an HPPA.

The present invention provides systems, devices, and methods for point-of-care and/or distributed testing services. The methods and devices of the invention are directed toward automatic detection of analytes in a bodily fluid. The components of the device can be modified to allow for more flexible and robust use with the disclosed methods for a variety of medical, laboratory, and other applications. The systems, devices, and methods of the present invention can allow for effective use of samples by improved sample preparation and analysis.

The present invention provides systems, devices, and methods for point-of-care and/or distributed testing services. The methods and devices of the invention are directed toward automatic detection of analytes in a bodily fluid. The components of the device can be modified to allow for more flexible and robust use with the disclosed methods for a variety of medical, laboratory, and other applications. The systems, devices, and methods of the present invention can allow for effective use of samples by improved sample preparation and analysis.

A quantitation method of ethanolamine phosphate capable of measuring trace amounts of ethanolamine phosphate, or oxidoreductase used for the quantitation method thereof, a quantitation composition, a quantitation kit, a sensor chip, or a sensor is provided. According to an embodiment of the present invention, a quantitation method of ethanolamine phosphate including allowing phosphatase to act on a sample to convert ethanolamine phosphate contained in the sample into ethanolamine, and allowing oxidoreductase to act on the ethanolamine is provided.

A quantitation method of ethanolamine phosphate capable of measuring trace amounts of ethanolamine phosphate, or oxidoreductase used for the quantitation method thereof, a quantitation composition, a quantitation kit, a sensor chip, or a sensor is provided. According to an embodiment of the present invention, a quantitation method of ethanolamine phosphate including allowing phosphatase to act on a sample to convert ethanolamine phosphate contained in the sample into ethanolamine, and allowing oxidoreductase to act on the ethanolamine is provided.

Provided is a ultra-high-sensitivity assay in which the assay can be made on a commonly used assay apparatus such as an absorptiometer and a plate reader or with naked eyes. The high-sensitivity assay in which the assay can be made on a commonly used assay apparatus or with naked eyes can be provided by combining an enzyme cycling method using thio-NAD(P) as a coenzyme, a labeling enzyme and a substrate for the labeling enzyme optimally, and by amplifying thio-NAD(P)H, which is a signaling substance, exponentially and then quantifying the thio-NAD(P)H colorimetrically.

Provided is a ultra-high-sensitivity assay in which the assay can be made on a commonly used assay apparatus such as an absorptiometer and a plate reader or with naked eyes. The high-sensitivity assay in which the assay can be made on a commonly used assay apparatus or with naked eyes can be provided by combining an enzyme cycling method using thio-NAD(P) as a coenzyme, a labeling enzyme and a substrate for the labeling enzyme optimally, and by amplifying thio-NAD(P)H, which is a signaling substance, exponentially and then quantifying the thio-NAD(P)H colorimetrically.

A device and method for the rapid on-site detection of inhibitors of enzymes, such as acetylcholinesterase, is described wherein the device contains all reagents added to a sample pad containing dried releasable enzyme creating a reaction mixture wherein inhibitor deactivates the enzyme, while said reaction mixture travels via a longitudinal membrane to a distal porous pad containing a substrate for the enzyme. The reaction of the enzyme and the substrate results in a product that can generate a measurable signal such as color, fluorescence or luminescence to serve as a reporter. Signal that is generated at this reaction zone is inversely proportional to inhibitor concentration in the test sample. A device containing two such strips, one for a test sample, the other for a negative control fluid as an onboard comparator is described. A purpose-built reader or an illuminating device, such as, containing an incandescent light source, a diode, a UV light source or any other illumination source that is suitable for the reporter or mere visualization is used to determine the level of reporter.