A method for determining the degree of cure in forages using a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique. An NMR instrument is used to determine the amount of bound moisture (typically called stem moisture) and free moisture (typically called dew moisture) the degree of which can be used to determine how cured the forage is. This method represents an improvement on the traditional ways of determining how cured a forage is. The traditional ways have been by twisting a bunch of forage in ones hands or using a mechanical method (Hammer of fingernail) to determine if there is too much stem moisture in the stem nodes. The method can be applied using a portable instrument or building the instrument into a forage harvesting machine such as a hay baler.

A method for determining the degree of cure in forages using a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique. An NMR instrument is used to determine the amount of bound moisture (typically called stem moisture) and free moisture (typically called dew moisture) the degree of which can be used to determine how cured the forage is. This method represents an improvement on the traditional ways of determining how cured a forage is. The traditional ways have been by twisting a bunch of forage in ones hands or using a mechanical method (Hammer of fingernail) to determine if there is too much stem moisture in the stem nodes. The method can be applied using a portable instrument or building the instrument into a forage harvesting machine such as a hay baler.

A method of making a product from grass that includes carrying out steps A to D in order, where: Step A is cutting the grass to a length of between 35 mm to 150 mm resulting in cut grass with at least 90% leaf and little to no dead plant material; Step B is drying of the cut grass to produce dry grass; Step C is collecting and transferring the dry grass to at least one first container, removing excess air and then sealing the at least one first container; and Step D is aging the dry grass in the at least one first containers in a cool dark place for a primary period of time to produce a dry product.

A method of making a product from grass that includes carrying out steps A to D in order, where: Step A is cutting the grass to a length of between 35 mm to 150 mm resulting in cut grass with at least 90% leaf and little to no dead plant material; Step B is drying of the cut grass to produce dry grass; Step C is collecting and transferring the dry grass to at least one first container, removing excess air and then sealing the at least one first container; and Step D is aging the dry grass in the at least one first containers in a cool dark place for a primary period of time to produce a dry product.

An edible pet chew includes a member of Bully Stick Analogue formed from a composition material may be with at least 20% plant ingredient imitating existing traditional bully stick products, serving as an alternative to it. The imitation may include the structure, and/or appearance, and/or shape, and/or size, and/or color, and/or texture, and/or flavor, and/or durability, and/or palatability of traditional bully stick. It is an extruded stick processed by an extruder or a stick formed by injection molding machine.

An edible pet chew includes a member of Bully Stick Analogue formed from a composition material may be with at least 20% plant ingredient imitating existing traditional bully stick products, serving as an alternative to it. The imitation may include the structure, and/or appearance, and/or shape, and/or size, and/or color, and/or texture, and/or flavor, and/or durability, and/or palatability of traditional bully stick. It is an extruded stick processed by an extruder or a stick formed by injection molding machine.

A pelleting system and method for pelletizing a cellulosic fiber into feed pellets. The pelleting system includes a mixer adapted to combine a shredded cellulosic fiber with at least one additive and a preservative to form a mixture; a pellet feeder for injecting said mixture into a conditioning chamber, the conditioning chamber adapted to apply steam to the mixture to add moisture and heat to said mixture for softening the mixture to facilitate pelletizing; and a pellet mill adapted to compress the mixture to form feed pellets. The final product may be a feed pellet having a compression ratio between about 7 L/D and about 16 L/D and containing between about 9 wt. % moisture and about 12 wt. % moisture.

An animal feed product disclosed herein has a feed mixture disposed in a container, where the feed mixture has a plurality of animal feed particles and seed butter coating each of the animal feed particles. A removable cover is coupled to the container over the cavity to encase the feed mixture. A method disclosed herein relates to heating a seed butter to reduce its viscosity. Animal feed particles are translated through a spraying region and each of the animal feed particles are coated with the heated seed butter to form a seed mixture. The seed mixture is deposited in a container defining a cavity and the feed mixture is compressed in the cavity. Other embodiments are described.

An animal feed product disclosed herein has a feed mixture disposed in a container, where the feed mixture has a plurality of animal feed particles and seed butter coating each of the animal feed particles. A removable cover is coupled to the container over the cavity to encase the feed mixture. A method disclosed herein relates to heating a seed butter to reduce its viscosity. Animal feed particles are translated through a spraying region and each of the animal feed particles are coated with the heated seed butter to form a seed mixture. The seed mixture is deposited in a container defining a cavity and the feed mixture is compressed in the cavity. Other embodiments are described.

A method for determining the degree of cure in forages using a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique. An NMR instrument is used to determine the amount of bound moisture (typically called stem moisture) and free moisture (typically called dew moisture) the degree of which can be used to determine how cured the forage is. This method represents an improvement on the traditional ways of determining how cured a forage is. The traditional ways have been by twisting a bunch of forage in ones hands or using a mechanical method (Hammer of fingernail) to determine if there is too much stem moisture in the stem nodes. The method can be applied using a portable instrument or building the instrument into a forage harvesting machine such as a hay baler.