According to an aspect of the invention there is provided a connector for connecting inner and outer layers of an apparatus, the connector comprising: a first attachment part for attaching to one of the inner or outer layers; a second attachment part for attaching to the other of the inner or outer layers; wherein: the first and second attachment parts are connected in such a way as to allow the first attachment part and second attachment part to move relative to each other when the inner and outer layers move relative to each other, and the first attachment part comprises: a first flange portion adjacent a gap, said gap for accommodating a portion of said one of the inner or outer layers, said flange portion retaining said inner or outer layers within said gap, and wherein the first flange portion is substantially dome-shaped.

A modular helmet system with a removable/detachable/interchangeable exterior shell, an inner force-absorbing layer releasably connected to the rigid exterior shell layer, and a multiple fastening devices associated with the shell which allow the shell to be interchanged/replaced/reconfigured at will. The shell as a single piece unit, or combinable components bear the fastening devices designed to enable rapid, secure interchange of the helmet system's layers, therefore allowing the helmet to be adapted for climatic, functional, and aesthetic preferences.

Helmet for sport activities comprising a lattice structure shaped so to accommodate a part of a user head and comprising empty and full portions arranged so that a continuous network of interconnected air channels runs through the lattice structure. The lattice structure comprises on its inner side at least one pocket permeable to air. The pocket is shaped so to accommodate said at least one permeable energy absorbing pad. Method for manufacturing the helmet comprising the steps of providing a lattice structure shaped so to receive a part of a user head and comprising at least one inner pocket, and inserting at least one energy absorbing pad which is permeable to air into said at least one pocket.

A helmet to be worn on a head of a wearer includes a shell comprised of a hard impact resistant material. The shell has inner and outer surfaces and is adapted to surround at least a portion of the cranial part of wearer's head with the inner surface of the shell being spaced from the wearer's head at an initial pre-impact relative position when the helmet is worn. A subliner, at least a part of which is adapted to be in contact with the wearer's head when the helmet is worn prior to an impact and during an impact, includes at least one subliner element extending from the inner surface of the shell. The at least one subliner element is constructed of an energy absorbing viscoelastic foam material. The at least one subliner element is radially partitioned into individual and independent segments. The independent segments are nested with respect to each other with double-sided nano tape positioned therebetween such that the nested segments have side surfaces in direct contacting engagement with the nano tape.

Protective clothing and/or equipment may comprise an impact mitigation layer which comprises a plurality of impact mitigation assemblies positioned between an exterior surface and an interior surface. The plurality of impact mitigation assemblies may comprise an impact absorbing array of impact mitigation structures having at least one filament and a lateral support wall or connecting element. When force is applied to the exterior surface, the structures of the impact absorbing materials deform in a desired and controlled manner, reducing the force received by the interior surface.

A helmet may include an upper-body comprising a first outer shell coupled to a first energy-absorbing shell formed of expanded polypropylene (EPP), expanded polystyrene (EPS), expanded polyurethane (EPU), or expanded polyolefin (EPO). A lower-body may include a second outer shell coupled to a second energy-absorbing shell formed of EPP, EPS, EPU, or EPO, wherein an upper portion of the lower-body is nested within the upper-body and a lower portion of the lower-body extends to an outer surface of a lower portion of the upper-body. A strap anchor may be disposed between the upper-body and the lower-body, and be sandwiched between the upper-body and the lower-body with the strap anchor being adjacent to, and oriented towards, the lower-body. A strap may be coupled to the fastening device and coupled to the strap anchor for coupling the helmet to a head of a user.

A helmet may include an upper-body comprising a first outer shell coupled to a first energy-absorbing shell formed of expanded polypropylene (EPP), expanded polystyrene (EPS), expanded polyurethane (EPU), or expanded polyolefin (EPO). A lower-body may include a second outer shell coupled to a second energy-absorbing shell formed of EPP, EPS, EPU, or EPO, wherein an upper portion of the lower-body is nested within the upper-body and a lower portion of the lower-body extends to an outer surface of a lower portion of the upper-body. A strap anchor may be disposed between the upper-body and the lower-body, and be sandwiched between the upper-body and the lower-body with the strap anchor being adjacent to, and oriented towards, the lower-body. A strap may be coupled to the fastening device and coupled to the strap anchor for coupling the helmet to a head of a user.

Disclosed is a helmet provided with a radar reflector. The helmet includes a helmet body formed in a shape corresponding to a shape of a user head, and the radar reflector mounted on an outer surface of the helmet body to reflect a radar signal transmitted from radar equipment. The radar reflector includes a plurality of reflection units each concaved in a trigonal pyramid shape having one opened surface, each of the plurality of reflection units reflecting the radar signal. Thus, by applying the radar reflector to the helmet of a user aboard an object to be detected by using a radar signal, the radar signal is effectively reflected in bad weather or at night, thereby improving the recognition rate of radar equipment.

A safer baseball or softball helmet is constructed of a two-piece molded shell (rounder than the standard helmet today). The inner-shell is the basic helmet (rounder) as we see today. Two options are available for implementation. Option one: retrofit an exiting helmet by installing a rim or no rim and outer-shell cap, attached by a bolt/axis and assorted washers (steel or rubber/pads) to the inner-shell, for a flexing motion as a pogo stick movement to the inner-shell that serves to deflect, rotate, and disperse the force of impact. Option two: manufacture a helmet, with a molded rim or (no rim) as part of the inner-shell, into which the outer-shell will fit. With this design, the outer-shell cap could be interlocked with the helmet inner-shell locking rim with no needed for the bolt/axis. The two shell baseball or softball helmet is designed to reduce all impact forces by rotating outer-shell cap.

Body protection devices, particularly protective helmets are provided, which comprise a shell of plastic material or of fiber-reinforced plastic material, wherein the shell comprises an outer coating layer formed of a polyacrylic or polyepoxide polymeric matrix including graphene fillers. Processes for the production of body protection devices are also provided.