A helmet body includes an outer shell and an energy management liner with an outer shell lower edge extending between the inner surface and the outer surface of the outer shell. At least two shoulder pad recesses are positioned at a lower edge of the outer shell on a respective left and right sides of the helmet. The energy management liner is adjacent to the inner surface of the outer shell and includes at least two shoulder pads formed of a foamed energy management material. Each of the at least two shoulder pads is received into one of the at least two shoulder pad recesses on the respective left or right side of the helmet, each shoulder pad extending from inside of the outer shell to across at least a majority of a width of the lower edge of the outer shell.

A guard to protect the neck of a person absorbs kinetic energy from an object that, if not for the guard, would strike the person's neck. The guard includes a body that has a material that deforms when an object strikes it, a shape configured to cover the posterior region of each of the cervical vertebrae of a person's spine when the guard is worn by a person to protect their neck, and a coupler to position and hold the body over the posterior region of each of the cervical vertebrae of a person's spine. The guard's body also includes a first region positioned above a person's first cervical vertebrae, when the guard is worn by a person to protect their neck, and a second region positioned above a person's last cervical vertebrae, when the guard is worn by a person to protect their neck.

An articulated cervical spine and neck protection system for protecting the cervical spine and the soft tissues of the neck, and for reducing related injuries including concussion. The invention has been developed primarily for use in full combat scenarios, including weapons-based combat, and combat-training scenarios, including in the defence forces, for law enforcement, or in martial arts competition or training including those involving weapons. The articulated cervical spine and neck protection system comprises an articulated cervical shroud assembly that allows good movement while protecting the cervical spine and soft tissues of the throat and neck against risks commonly associated with full contact sports and real combat scenarios, including weapons-based combat.

A detachable pad fastening structure of a helmet includes a first fastening unit, which includes a first fastening member having a fastening hole formed therein and is disposed at an inner surface of a helmet main body. A second fastening unit includes a through-hole in the form of a slot in a detachable pad and a second fastening member formed to be movable relative to the through-hole, having at least a part protruding toward the outside of the detachable pad so as to be inserted into the fastening hole when the second fastening member is located at one side of the through-hole, and configured to be inserted toward the inside of the detachable pad so as to be removed from the fastening hole when the second fastening member is moved relative to the through-hole toward the other side of the through-hole.

A cardiopulmonary protective garment for providing limited protection from lightning is fabricated of a waterproof/breathable fabric, such as a Gore-Tex® laminate or equivalent. The garment keeps a wearer's body dry and supports a lightning flashover event when moist or wet on the outside, protecting the cardiopulmonary system. Strips of an electrically conductive fabric, such as Shieldex® or equivalent, can be attached in various arrangements on a posterior outer surface of the garment for igniting a rapid flashover. The conductive strips also provide attractive design details. In some embodiments, an inner heat shielding and flame resistant layer, made of a fabric such as NOMEX® or equivalent, can increase protection against burning caused by lightning and a flashover. Other embodiments may include a grounding strap electrically connected to the conductive strips for carrying charge to a local ground plane, such as the Earth; a cape-like drape of water-absorbing fabric having an electrically conductive element attached to a posterior side in general alignment with the wearer's spine; and a water-proof backpack having electrically conductive elements positioned to promote rapid flashover.

A cardiopulmonary protective garment for providing limited protection from lightning is fabricated of a waterproof/breathable fabric, such as a Gore-Tex® laminate or equivalent. The garment keeps a wearer's body dry and supports a lightning flashover event when moist or wet on the outside, protecting the cardiopulmonary system. Strips of an electrically conductive fabric, such as Shieldex® or equivalent, can be attached in various arrangements on a posterior outer surface of the garment for igniting a rapid flashover. The conductive strips also provide attractive design details. In some embodiments, an inner heat shielding and flame resistant layer, made of a fabric such as NOMEX® or equivalent, can increase protection against burning caused by lightning and a flashover. Other embodiments may include a grounding strap electrically connected to the conductive strips for carrying charge to a local ground plane, such as the Earth; a cape-like drape of water-absorbing fabric having an electrically conductive element attached to a posterior side in general alignment with the wearer's spine; and a water-proof backpack having electrically conductive elements positioned to promote rapid flashover.

An expandable fabric hat liner insert is an apparatus in which the device can be inserted into any standard brim hat and fitted cap style hat, undetected by others, to protect the hair and skin of the user when wearing. The invention can be manufactured by the method of sewing. A semi circular front side and semi circular rear sided is formed from non-woven fabrics. The non woven front and rear side of the semi circular crown is attached by a central flexible fabric between each side. A flexible foldable Protective hair fabrics are sewn to the underside of the apparatus closest to the hair of the user head. A parallel, sewn in grid on the rear portion of the device allows the user to modify the device by cutting the selected grid lines to accommodate various type of hats manufactured with a sewn sweatband bow. The invention demonstrates the ability to allow the device to accommodate fasteners for the purpose of securing the two sides of the non woven fabric together, enabling the expansion and collapsing of the device. The top side of the apparatus demonstrate multiple eyelets for ventilation purposes. This form of the expandable fabric hat liner insert is manufactured to also accommodate a fitted baseball cap style with a closed rear design.

In a method for adapting a thermally deformable item of clothing to a body part, the item is at least partially heated and brought into contact with an abutment region and the appropriate body part. The item of clothing has a side which, in the use position, is directed towards the body and a side which, in the use position, is directed away from the body. At least one pressure-exerting unit subjects that side of the item of clothing which is directed away from the body, at least in part, to a shaping pressure such that the at least partially heated item of clothing is adapted, at least in part, to the shape of the part of the body. The item of clothing is at least partially cooled by a cooling unit such that it is stabilized in the shape adapted to the part of the body.

In a method for adapting a thermally deformable item of clothing to a body part, the item is at least partially heated and brought into contact with an abutment region and the appropriate body part. The item of clothing has a side which, in the use position, is directed towards the body and a side which, in the use position, is directed away from the body. At least one pressure-exerting unit subjects that side of the item of clothing which is directed away from the body, at least in part, to a shaping pressure such that the at least partially heated item of clothing is adapted, at least in part, to the shape of the part of the body. The item of clothing is at least partially cooled by a cooling unit such that it is stabilized in the shape adapted to the part of the body.

A material for reducing exposure to ionizing radiation. One exemplary embodiment comprises a felt layer; a foil layer; a first adhesive film layer disposed between the outer felt layer and the foil layer; a radiation shield layer; a second adhesive film layer disposed between the foil layer and radiation shield layer; and a foam layer disposed on the surface of the radiation shield layer opposite the second adhesive film layer. The material may be installed in commercial aircraft, corporate aircraft, flight suits, helmets, military uniforms, rotary aircraft, spacecraft, and the like. For example, the material disclosed herein may be provided as a headliner in an aircraft, or alternatively may be used to line the entire interior of an aircraft. In one or more embodiments, the material may be secured to a surface using a hook and loop attachment mechanism.