A completely integrated metallic seat pan with a negative stiffness includes a seat pan base, an internal metallic lattice, and a metallic seat pan cover surrounding the metallic lattice. The metallic lattice and seat pan cover elastically deform to absorb the weight of the crewmember and provide cushioning. The seat pan cover is contoured. Portions of the contoured seat pan cover may have greater or lesser cross-sectional thickness to provide variable negative stiffness at different locations on the seat pan.

A completely integrated metallic seat pan with a negative stiffness includes a seat pan base, an internal metallic lattice, and a metallic seat pan cover surrounding the metallic lattice. The metallic lattice and seat pan cover elastically deform to absorb the weight of the crewmember and provide cushioning. The seat pan cover is contoured. Portions of the contoured seat pan cover may have greater or lesser cross-sectional thickness to provide variable negative stiffness at different locations on the seat pan.

The presently claimed subject matter is directed to furniture elements. Further, the presently claimed subject matter concerns a furniture covering element configured with a cushioning arrangement.

The presently claimed subject matter is directed to furniture elements. Further, the presently claimed subject matter concerns a furniture covering element configured with a cushioning arrangement.

The presently claimed subject matter is directed to furniture elements. Further, the presently claimed subject matter concerns a furniture covering element configured with a cushioning arrangement.

The presently claimed subject matter is directed to furniture elements. Further, the presently claimed subject matter concerns a furniture covering element configured with a cushioning arrangement.

A seating support arrangement includes a seating frame, a cover member supported by the seating frame, the cover member having a first elastic modulus in a first direction, the cover member having an outer surface area and a support area that is less than the outer surface area and is configured to support a user, and a polymer film surface layer attached to the support area of the cover member such that the combination of the cover member in the support area and the surface layer has a second elastic modulus in the first direction that is greater than the first elastic modulus.

A seating support arrangement includes a seating frame, a cover member supported by the seating frame, the cover member having a first elastic modulus in a first direction, the cover member having an outer surface area and a support area that is less than the outer surface area and is configured to support a user, and a polymer film surface layer attached to the support area of the cover member such that the combination of the cover member in the support area and the surface layer has a second elastic modulus in the first direction that is greater than the first elastic modulus.

A seat back configured to support a back of a seated person includes a back frame constituting an internal framework; and an elastic mat fitted to the back frame so as to cover the back frame from a front side, the elastic mat having a planar shape and being configured to elastically support the back of the seated person. The back frame includes a frame body and a support wire that protrudes forward from the frame body. The elastic mat includes a main support portion configured to support the back of the seated person, and a band portion that extends from a back surface of the main support portion, the band portion being wound around the support wire. The elastic mat has a through-hole through which a head at a distal end of the wound band portion is inserted such that the head is snap-fitted in the through-hole.

A seat back configured to support a back of a seated person includes a back frame constituting an internal framework; and an elastic mat fitted to the back frame so as to cover the back frame from a front side, the elastic mat having a planar shape and being configured to elastically support the back of the seated person. The back frame includes a frame body and a support wire that protrudes forward from the frame body. The elastic mat includes a main support portion configured to support the back of the seated person, and a band portion that extends from a back surface of the main support portion, the band portion being wound around the support wire. The elastic mat has a through-hole through which a head at a distal end of the wound band portion is inserted such that the head is snap-fitted in the through-hole.