Systems and methods are provided for measuring the mechanical properties of ocular tissue, such as the lens or corneal tissue, for diagnosis as well as treatment monitoring purposes. A laser locking feedback system is provided to achieve frequency accuracy and sensitivity that facilitates operations and diagnosis with great sensitivity and accuracy. Differential comparisons between eye tissue regions of a patient, either on the same eye or a fellow eye, can further facilitate early diagnosis and monitoring.

A support device for an endoscope comprises a tubular member configured for removable attachment to an outer surface of the endoscope near, or at, its distal end and a plurality of projecting elements extending outward from the outer surface of the tubular member and circumferentially spaced from each other. The device includes an optically transparent cover coupled to the tubular member and configured for covering the distal end of the endoscope when the tubular member is attached to the outer surface of the endoscope. The projecting elements provide support for the endoscope, improve visualization and center the scope as it passes through a body lumen, such as the colon. In addition, the cover seals the distal end of the endoscope to protect the scope and its components from debris, fluid, pathogens and other biomatter.

A force estimation system for calculating force information regarding forces applied to one or more positions of a flexible tubular portion having flexibility through an arithmetic operation, the force estimation system comprising: a processor configured to input the deformation state and the mechanical property at a plurality of longitudinal positions of the flexible tubular portion, and calculates the force information of the force applied to the individual positions of the flexible tubular portion based on the deformed state and the mechanical property.

A catheter for delivering a medicinal liquid or a powder in spray form into the trachea of a subject, includes a deformable body including a spray device for expelling a liquid or a powder introduced into the catheter as a spray, the body of the catheter being configured to generate an image of a zone in a longitudinal direction of the body.

A neurosurgical ultrasonic focusing assisted three-stage atomization cooling and postoperative wound film forming device has a transducer housing and a nozzle, wherein a horn is arranged in the transducer housing, at least two layers of piezoelectric ceramic sheets are arranged at the top of the horn, an electrode sheet connected with an ultrasonic generator is arranged between two adjacent layers of piezoelectric ceramic sheets, the bottom of the transducer housing is of a hemispherical structure, and a plurality of piezoelectric elements connected with the ultrasonic generator are arranged inside the hemispherical structure; and the nozzle is arranged at the bottom of the horn and connected with a medical nanofluid storage cup, compressed gas can also be introduced into the nozzle, and an electrode is also arranged inside the nozzle.

An endoscope assembly has an endoscope, having an optical waveguide and having an image guide, wherein the image guide is configured to be uninterrupted up to its proximal end and has an image guide interface at its proximal end for optical connection to an image capturing unit, an illumination unit having a light source and having an optical waveguide interface for optical connection of the light source to an optical waveguide, and an image capturing unit having an image sensor and having an image guide interface for optical connection of the image sensor to an image guide.

A method of assessing tissue health comprises the steps of obtaining depth-resolved spectra of a selected area of in vivo tissue, and assessing the health of the selected area based on the depth-resolved structural information of the scatterers. Obtaining depth-resolved spectra of the selected area comprises directing a sample beam towards the selected area at an angle, and receiving an angle-resolved scattered sample beam. The angle-resolved scattered sample beam is cross-correlated with the reference beam to produce an angle-resolved cross-correlated signal about the selected area, which is spectrally dispersed to yield an angle-resolved, spectrally-resolved cross-correlation profile having depth-resolved information about the selected area. The angle-resolved, spectrally-resolved cross-correlation profile is processed to obtain depth-resolved information about scatterers in the selected area.

One or more triggers, fluorescence or auto-fluorescence triggers, NIRAF triggers, methods of using triggers, fiber optic rotary joints (FORJ), free space beam combiners, OCT, SEE and/or fluorescence devices and systems for use therewith, methods of using and/or manufacturing same and storage mediums are provided. One or more embodiments using one or more triggers achieve structural compactness and/or high-speed acquisition while avoiding or reducing the need for high computational power. One or more embodiments use one or more triggers, one or more fluorescence triggers, one or more auto-fluorescence triggers, or NIRAF triggers, and/or one or more rotary joints, for performing pullback and/or image recording. Examples of optical applications that may involve the use of a trigger, fluorescence/auto-fluorescence trigger or NIRAF trigger, and/or a fiber optic rotary joint, include imaging, evaluating and characterizing/identifying biological objects or tissue, such as, but not limited to, for gastro-intestinal, otolaryngologic, cardio and/or ophthalmic applications.

An optical transmission module includes a light emitting device for transmitting a first optical signal, a light receiving device for receiving a second optical signal, an optical fiber for guiding a third optical signal in which the first optical signal and the second optical signal are coupled, and an optical waveguide substrate having an optical waveguide made of first resin, wherein a groove formed on the optical waveguide substrate is provided with a prism having the optical fiber and a reflective face through which the first optical signal transmit, a first side face of the prism contacts a first wall face of the groove, and a second side face thereof contacts a second wall face of the groove.

Provided is a light emitting device including a light source that emits primary light; and a wavelength converter that includes a first phosphor that absorbs the primary light and emits first wavelength-converted light, wherein the light emitting device emits output light including the first wavelength-converted light, the first wavelength-converted light is near-infrared light having a fluorescence intensity maximum value within a wavelength range of 700 nm or more and less than 800 nm, the first wavelength-converted light mainly contains a broad fluorescent component based on an electron energy transition of .sup.4T.sub.2.fwdarw..sup.4A.sub.2 of Cr.sup.3+, and the broad fluorescent component has a fluorescence spectrum half-width that is less than 100 nm.