Mechanoneural Interfaces (MIs) and methods of forming MIs are provided, including cutaneous mechanoneural interfaces (CMIs) and proprioceptive mechanoneural interfaces (PMIs). A CMI includes a device in operative arrangement with a muscle actuator to stimulate muscle contraction, the muscle actuator disposed in a substantially circumferential configuration about a skin flap that includes a native or regenerative neurovascular structure of an amputated body segment. A PMI includes an actuator mechanically linked to a muscle end organ and configured to apply a force to the muscle end organ, the actuator including a synthetic actuator or a biological muscle actuator. The muscle end organ is of an agonist-antagonist muscle pair and can include at least one of a native or regenerative neurovascular structure. CMIs and PMIs can each further include a controller configured to provide a stimulation signal or operate an actuator based on a signal received from a sensor of a prosthetic device.

A system for powering a prosthetic arm is disclosed. The system includes at least one internal battery located in the prosthetic arm, at least one external battery connected to the prosthetic arm, and a master controller configured to connect either the at least one internal battery or the at least one external battery to a power bus to power the prosthetic arm.

A stimulator substrate device for stimulating nerve cells, and apparatus including same, in particular nerve cells in an extremity, includes a substrate support, in which a plurality of stimulators for emitting stimulation signals to the nerve cells are provided. The plurality of stimulators is provided in a line on the substrate support and the substrate support is tubular.

A neurostimulator incorporating a novel chip design that uses the principle of redundant signal crossfiring to overcome electronic component mismatch error in general and transistor mismatch error in particular, to yield superior quality neurostimulation signal generation, useful in enhancing the bidirectional human-machine interface in prosthesis operation for the restoration of somatosensation for an amputee.

A nerve in a mammal is optogenetically transduced, wherein the nerve is susceptible to stimulus by selective application of transdermal light, and a light source is applied to dermis of the mammal at or proximate to the optogenetically transduced nerve, to thereby stimulate the nerve. A wearable device for optogenetic motor control and sensation restoration of a mammal includes a wearable support, a power source at the wearable support, a controller at the wearable support and in electrical communication with a power source, and a transdermal light source coupled to the controller.

A prosthetic arm apparatus comprising a plurality of segments that provide a user of the prosthetic arm apparatus with substantially the same movement capability and function as a human arm. The segments are connectable to one another and connectable to a harness mount that may be adorned by the user. Each segment of the plurality of segments provides a portion of the movement capability, enabling the plurality of connected segments connected to the harness mount to provide substantially the same movement capability as that lacking in the user.

A system for powering a prosthetic arm is disclosed. The system includes at least one internal battery located in the prosthetic arm, at least one external battery connected to the prosthetic arm, and a master controller configured to connect either the at least one internal battery or the at least one external battery to a power bus to power the prosthetic arm.

An implantable human-machine interfacing system is disclosed that includes an implantable muscle interface device including a substrate including a first plurality of sensors and a second plurality of amplifiers that capture and amplify, respectively, electromyographic (EMG) signals arising from motor units under control of neural signals representative of volitional limb movements; and a transceiver device connected to the first plurality of sensors that wirelessly transmits signals to an external decoder that produces decoded signals that discriminate motor signals representative of movements of the motor units, wherein the substrate at least partially surrounds a muscle from which the EMG signals arise; and a receiver device that uses the decoded signals for interaction with an external system. The system includes a first plurality of electrodes and a second implantable power source that imparts electrical stimulation to the underlying tissues and sensory axons within for the purposes of sensory feedback and neuromodulation.

A prosthetic arm apparatus including a plurality of segments that provide a user of the prosthetic arm apparatus with substantially the same movement capability and function as a human arm. The segments are connectable to one another and connectable to a prosthetic support apparatus that may be adorned by the user. Each segment of the plurality of segments provides a portion of the movement capability, enabling the plurality of connected segments connected to the harness mount to provide substantially the same movement capability as that lacking in the user.

A prosthetic limb including a plurality of segments that provide a user of the prosthetic limb with substantially the same movement capability and function as a human arm. The segments are connectable to one another and connectable to a prosthetic support apparatus. The prosthetic limb includes a controller and at least one antenna in connection with the controller for transmitting and receiving signals, the at least one antenna including a housing of a segment of the prosthetic limb as a radiating element. The prosthetic limb further including a user interface incorporated therein and one or more communication systems for communicating with external devices. The user interface is integrally formed in the housing and includes a status indicator for displaying information. A flexible protective cover is disposed around a portion of the housing and covers the user interface, the flexible protective cover includes a translucent portion over the status indicator.