Systems and methods of treating meibomian and sebaceous gland dysfunction. The methods include reducing oxygen concentration in the environment of one or more dysfunctional meibomian and sebaceous glands, thereby restoring a hypoxic status of one or more dysfunctional meibomian and sebaceous glands. The reducing of the oxygen concentration is accomplished by restricting blood flow to the one or more dysfunctional meibomian and sebaceous glands and the environment of one or more dysfunctional meibomian sebaceous glands. The restricting of the blood flow is accomplished by contracting or closing one or more blood vessels around the one or more dysfunctional meibomian or sebaceous glands. The methods also include giving local or systemic drugs that lead to the generation of hypoxia-inducible factors in one or more dysfunctional meibomian and sebaceous glands.

In some examples, a distributed acoustic detector system may include a frame structure and multiple acoustic detectors. The frame structure may be configured to be retained in a laser-based ophthalmo-logical surgical system aligned to an eye of a patient during therapeutic treatment of the eye of the patient with the laser-based ophthalmological surgical system. The acoustic detectors may be coupled to the frame structure and may be spaced apart from each other and electrically separated from each other.

In a laser cataract procedure that also corrects for astigmatism, an iris registration method compares an iris image of a patient's eye taken when the eye is not docked to a patient interface device with an iris image of the same eye that is docked to the patient interface, to calculate a rotation angle between the two images. The astigmatism axis of the eye is measured when the eye is not docked, and the measured axis is rotated by the calculated rotation angle to obtain a rotated astigmatism axis relative to the iris image of the docked eye. The laser cataract procedure is performed based on the rotated astigmatism axis. The rotation angle is calculated by optimizing a transformation that transforms the undocked iris image to match the docked iris image, where the transformation includes a dilation factor that accounts for different pupil dilation of the two iris images.

Refractive index writing system and methods employing a pulsed laser source for providing a pulsed laser output at a first wavelength; an objective lens for focusing the pulsed laser output to a focal spot in an optical material; a scanner for relatively moving the focal spot with respect to the optical material at a relative speed and direction along a scan region for writing one or more traces in the optical material defined by a change in refractive index; and a controller for controlling laser exposures along the one or more traces in accordance with a calibration function for the optical material to achieve a desired refractive index profile in the optical material. The refractive index writing system may be for writing traces in in vivo optical tissue, and the controller may be configured with a calibration function obtained by calibrating refractive index change induced in enucleated ocular globes. A real-time process control monitor for detecting emissions from the optical material transmitted through the objective lens at a second wavelength may further be employed while writing the one or more traces.

An ophthalmic system may comprise an imaging device having a field of view oriented toward the eye of the patient; a patient interface housing defining a passage therethrough, having a distal end coupled to one or more seals configured to be directly engaged with one or more surfaces of the eye of the patient, and wherein the proximal end is configured to be coupled to the patient workstation such that at least a portion of the field of view of the imaging device passes through the passage; and two or more registration fiducials coupled to the patient interface housing in a predetermined geometric configuration relative to the patient interface housing within the field of view of the imaging device such that they may be imaged by the imaging device in reference to predetermined geometric markers on the eye of the patient which may also be imaged by the imaging device.

A steerable laser probe may include a handle having a handle distal end and a handle proximal end, an actuation control of the handle, a housing tube having a housing tube distal end and a housing tube proximal end, a first housing tube portion having a first stiffness, a second housing tube portion having a second stiffness, an optic fiber disposed within an inner portion of the handle and the housing tube, and a cable disposed within the housing tube and the actuation control. A rotation of the actuation control may be configured to gradually curve the housing tube and the optic fiber. A rotation of the actuation control may be configured to gradually straighten the housing tube and the optic fiber.

Embodiments generally relate to ophthalmic laser procedures and, more particularly, to systems and methods for lenticular laser incisions to form a top lenticular incision, a bottom lenticular incision of a lens in the subject's eye, an added shape between the top and bottom incisions where the added shape has no corrective power and a transition ring bisecting both the top and bottom lenticular incisions.

An apparatus for ophthalmic procedures contains a source of aiming and treatment laser beams, folded mirrors and lens arrays to cause the formation of a static pupil on a delivery mirror for observation and treatment by an operator of the apparatus.

A laser patterning apparatus for a three-dimensional object includes a laser generator, a beam expander configured to adjust a size of a laser beam generated by the laser generator, a dynamic focusing module configured to adjust a z-axis focus position of the laser beam passing through the beam expander, a scan head configured to adjust x- and y-axis focus position of the laser beam passing through the beam expander, a shape recognizer configured to recognize a shape of a three-dimensional object, and a controller configured to extract x-, y-, and z-axis data of the three-dimensional object and to control the scan head and the dynamic focusing module, in order to pattern the three-dimensional object with the laser beam.

Embodiments generally relate to systems and methods for lenticular laser incisions based on wavefront maps. In an embodiment, a method comprises obtaining a wavefront map of a free eye using wavefront aberrometry to measure a refractive error, obtaining an iris image for the free eye using wavefront aberrometry, determining a free eye cutting profile to cut the cornea based on the wavefront measurement, determining a first translation of the free eye cutting profile based on estimated perturbation of the eye with a docking patient interface, docking the eye to a patient interface of an ultrashort pulsed laser system, obtaining an iris image for the docked eye, determining a second translation of the cutting profile for the docked eye from the free eye, using comparisons between the two iris images, and incising a bottom surface incision in the cornea based on the two translated cutting profiles.