Bio-based glacial acrylic acid, produced from hydroxypropionic acid, hydroxypropionic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof and having impurities of hydroxypropionic acid, hydroxypropionic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof, is polymerized to poly(acrylic acid) or superabsorbent polymer using the same processes as petroleum-derived glacial acrylic acid.

An absorbent article having a liquid permeable topsheet, a liquid impermeable sheet, an absorbent core disposed between the topsheet and the backsheet, and a secondary topsheet disposed between the topsheet and the absorbent core is described. The secondary topsheet has a first layer and a second layer. The first layer is located between the topsheet and the second layer, and a mean pore size of the first layer is larger than a mean pore size of the topsheet.

An absorbent article having a liquid permeable topsheet, a liquid impermeable sheet, an absorbent core disposed between the topsheet and the backsheet, and a secondary topsheet disposed between the topsheet and the absorbent core is described. The secondary topsheet has a first layer and a second layer. The first layer is located between the topsheet and the second layer, and a mean pore size of the first layer is larger than a mean pore size of the topsheet.

The present disclosure provides articles having an absorbent core with a plurality of segmented volumes defined by a network of filaments, with an absorbent material therein. Suitable articles which may be formed with this absorbent core include, for example, diapers such as infant diapers, juvenile diapers and training pants, feminine hygiene products such as menstrual pads, adult incontinence products such as adult briefs, protective underwear, pads and bladder control pads, pet training pads, and other disposable products utilized to absorb fluids.

The present disclosure provides articles having an absorbent core with a plurality of segmented volumes defined by a network of filaments, with an absorbent material therein. Suitable articles which may be formed with this absorbent core include, for example, diapers such as infant diapers, juvenile diapers and training pants, feminine hygiene products such as menstrual pads, adult incontinence products such as adult briefs, protective underwear, pads and bladder control pads, pet training pads, and other disposable products utilized to absorb fluids.

A method of promoting hemostasis in the mouth or oral cavity utilizes a non-absorbent, low surface energy and highly conformable non-disruptive hemostasis material. Traditional wound packing material is highly absorbent and has large open surfaces that allow clot forming materials, such as the platelet plug to adhere to the packing material and whereupon removal, the clot is disrupted. A non-disruptive highly conformable hemostasis material does not have large open pores and therefore does not adhere to forming clots. A non-disruptive hemostasis material may consist of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene that has a pore size of no more than about 10 microns. A non-disruptive hemostasis material may comprise a thin film of material over a portion of the outside surface that is non-absorbent and thin to allow for conforming into an oral cavity, such as from a tooth extraction. A thin film may cover porous material, such as a foam, that may be elastomeric.

A method of promoting hemostasis in the mouth or oral cavity utilizes a non-absorbent, low surface energy and highly conformable non-disruptive hemostasis material. Traditional wound packing material is highly absorbent and has large open surfaces that allow clot forming materials, such as the platelet plug to adhere to the packing material and whereupon removal, the clot is disrupted. A non-disruptive highly conformable hemostasis material does not have large open pores and therefore does not adhere to forming clots. A non-disruptive hemostasis material may consist of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene that has a pore size of no more than about 10 microns. A non-disruptive hemostasis material may comprise a thin film of material over a portion of the outside surface that is non-absorbent and thin to allow for conforming into an oral cavity, such as from a tooth extraction. A thin film may cover porous material, such as a foam, that may be elastomeric.

A method of promoting hemostasis in the mouth or oral cavity utilizes a non-absorbent, low surface energy and highly conformable non-disruptive hemostasis material. Traditional wound packing material is highly absorbent and has large open surfaces that allow clot forming materials, such as the platelet plug to adhere to the packing material and whereupon removal, the clot is disrupted. A non-disruptive highly conformable hemostasis material does not have large open pores and therefore does not adhere to forming clots. A non-disruptive hemostasis material may consist of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene that has a pore size of no more than about 10 microns. A non-disruptive hemostasis material may comprise a thin film of material over a portion of the outside surface that is non-absorbent and thin to allow for conforming into an oral cavity, such as from a tooth extraction. A thin film may cover porous material, such as a foam, that may be elastomeric.

A block copolymer (A) including a vinyl alcohol-based polymer block (b) and an ionic polymer block (c) containing a monomer unit with an ionic group forming a salt and a vinyl alcohol-based monomer unit. The ionic group is a carboxylic acid group, a sulfonic acid group, or an ammonium group. The vinyl alcohol-based polymer block (b) has a number-average molecular weight (Mn.sub.b) from 15,000 to 220,000. The ionic polymer block (c) has a content of the vinyl alcohol-based monomer unit from 5 to 95 mol % based on the total monomer units. The block copolymer (A) has a number-average molecular weight (Mn.sub.A) from 20,000 to 440,000. A ratio (Mn.sub.b/Mn.sub.A) of the number-average molecular weight (Mn.sub.b) to the number-average molecular weight (Mn.sub.A) is from 0.1 to 0.9.

A block copolymer (A) including a vinyl alcohol-based polymer block (b) and an ionic polymer block (c) containing a monomer unit with an ionic group forming a salt and a vinyl alcohol-based monomer unit. The ionic group is a carboxylic acid group, a sulfonic acid group, or an ammonium group. The vinyl alcohol-based polymer block (b) has a number-average molecular weight (Mn.sub.b) from 15,000 to 220,000. The ionic polymer block (c) has a content of the vinyl alcohol-based monomer unit from 5 to 95 mol % based on the total monomer units. The block copolymer (A) has a number-average molecular weight (Mn.sub.A) from 20,000 to 440,000. A ratio (Mn.sub.b/Mn.sub.A) of the number-average molecular weight (Mn.sub.b) to the number-average molecular weight (Mn.sub.A) is from 0.1 to 0.9.