Technology is described to uniformly apply doses of radiation to a target material. An irradiation device may comprise an enclosure configured to receive a target material and a source configured to emit primary radiation within the enclosure. The primary radiation may be configured to irradiate at least a first portion of the target material. The irradiation device may further comprise a scattering medium disposed within the enclosure. The scattering medium may be configured to produce secondary radiation through scatter interactions in response to the primary radiation, the secondary radiation configured to irradiate at least a second portion of the target material. A thickness of the scattering medium relative to the primary radiation may have a thickness of at least 3 millimeters).

Technology is described to uniformly apply doses of radiation to a target material. An irradiation device may comprise an enclosure configured to receive a target material and a source configured to emit primary radiation within the enclosure. The primary radiation may be configured to irradiate at least a first portion of the target material. The irradiation device may further comprise a scattering medium disposed within the enclosure. The scattering medium may be configured to produce secondary radiation through scatter interactions in response to the primary radiation, the secondary radiation configured to irradiate at least a second portion of the target material. A thickness of the scattering medium relative to the primary radiation may have a thickness of at least 3 millimeters).

A method and a system for producing a change in a medium. The method places in a vicinity of the medium an energy modulation agent. The method applies an initiation energy to the medium. The initiation energy interacts with the energy modulation agent to directly or indirectly produce the change in the medium. The energy modulation agent has a normal predominant emission of radiation in a first wavelength range outside of a second wavelength range (WR2) known to produce the change, but under exposure to the applied initiation energy produces the change. The system includes an initiation energy source configured to apply an initiation energy to the medium to activate the energy modulation agent.

A method and a system for producing a change in a medium. The method places in a vicinity of the medium an energy modulation agent. The method applies an initiation energy to the medium. The initiation energy interacts with the energy modulation agent to directly or indirectly produce the change in the medium. The energy modulation agent has a normal predominant emission of radiation in a first wavelength range outside of a second wavelength range (WR2) known to produce the change, but under exposure to the applied initiation energy produces the change. The system includes an initiation energy source configured to apply an initiation energy to the medium to activate the energy modulation agent.

A method and a system for producing a change in a medium. The method places in a vicinity of the medium an energy modulation agent. The method applies an initiation energy to the medium. The initiation energy interacts with the energy modulation agent to directly or indirectly produce the change in the medium. The energy modulation agent has a normal predominant emission of radiation in a first wavelength range outside of a second wavelength range (WR2) known to produce the change, but under exposure to the applied initiation energy produces the change. The system includes an initiation energy source configured to apply an initiation energy to the medium to activate the energy modulation agent.

The present invention relates to an X-ray irradiator for single blood bags, comprising: an X-ray irradiator main body provided with a chamber configured to safely hold a single blood bag therein and an X-ray tube configured to irradiate the chamber with X-rays; a loading part configured to load the blood bag; and a transfer part configured to transfer the blood bag between the loading part and the chamber to which X-rays are to be emitted. The X-ray irradiator for single blood bags according to the present invention can treat a single blood bag with X-rays, such that treatment optimized for a small amount of a blood bag can be performed, and a system configuration can be simplified by using an X-ray tube.

The present disclosure provides a biodegradable drug delivery composition including a vehicle and an insoluble component comprising beneficial agent dispersed in the vehicle. In some cases, the composition includes sucrose acetate isobutyrate, biodegradable polymer, hydrophobic solvent, and a complex comprising a counterion and beneficial agent, such as protein, peptide, nucleic acid, or small molecular weight compound. Also provided, are kits including the biodegradable drug delivery composition or components thereof, as well as methods of making and using the biodegradable drug delivery composition.

The present disclosure is directed to a method of making a composition by combining a vehicle, e.g., a single phase vehicle, and an insoluble component comprising a beneficial agent, and sterilizing the composition using ionizing radiation prior to use, wherein the beneficial agent is stable following exposure to a sterilizing dose of ionizing radiation. Related compositions and methods are provided.

A method and a system for producing a change in a medium. The method places in a vicinity of the medium an energy modulation agent. The method applies an initiation energy to the medium. The initiation energy interacts with the energy modulation agent to directly or indirectly produce the change in the medium. The energy modulation agent has a normal predominant emission of radiation in a first wavelength range outside of a second wavelength range (WR2) known to produce the change, but under exposure to the applied initiation energy produces the change. The system includes an initiation energy source configured to apply an initiation energy to the medium to activate the energy modulation agent.

A health and safety apparatus for entities such as individuals or objects includes a housing containing at least one side opening, a plurality of fluid atomizing dispensers, and a reservoir containing a fluid which includes a sanitizer, sterilizer or disinfectant. The housing includes a top wall and at least one side wall defining an inner chamber. The dispensers are mounted in spaced relation on the top and side walls and are connected with the reservoir. When an entity is arranged in the housing, the atomizing dispensers are activated to spray the fluid onto the entity. In a preferred embodiment, the housing further includes a bottom wall configured for collecting fluid. Preferably, the apparatus includes at least one motion sensor mounted on the housing for detecting motion at a threshold of the side opening to electronically operate the atomizing dispensers for a defined period of time.