A radiation delivery system and method of operation are described. The method includes modulating a sub-beam intensity of a radiation beam generated by a radiation source across a plurality of sub-beams that subdivide a fluence field into a two-dimensional (2D) grid, and delivering a plurality of independent two-dimensional (2D) sub-beam intensity patterns from a plurality of angles while the radiation source is moved continuously.

A method and apparatus for treatment planning using four dimensional imaging data.

A method for planning a scan path for intraoperative radiation therapy may comprise acquiring a plurality of images of a region of interest through an auxiliary scanning component, establishing a 3D model of the region of interest based on the plurality of images of the region of interest, determining a radiation therapy volume based on the 3D model of the region of interest, and planning a scan path for a radiation therapy component to scan the radiation therapy volume.

The IORT system includes a moveable cart, a robot arm assembly coupled to the cart, at least one applicator fixed relative to a patient, a treatment head coupled to the robot arm assembly for selective alignment with the applicator in a soft-docking procedure, and a haptic control assembly on the treatment head. A plurality of arm members is pivotally coupled to each other to provide at least five axes of movement for increased positioning flexibility and the enhanced flexibility increases the reach of the treatment head for accurate alignment. The alignment follows a two-stage process with a coarse alignment performed by the haptic control assembly to position a sensor array on the treatment head within detection range of an endcap on the applicator. Final alignment is autonomous employing range data from the sensor array to accurately position the treatment head with respect to the applicator.

An irradiating device, configured for irradiating a target, includes a 6-axis arm, an irradiating system positioned at the free end of the 6-axis arm, a manipulating handle, at least one load sensor placed between the manipulating handle and the 6-axis arm, and a control-actuation unit. The irradiating system includes a microwave frequency source and a radiation source supplied by the microwave frequency source. The manipulating handle is fastened to the radiation source. The control-actuation unit is configured to receive information from the load sensor and control the 6-axis arm according to the information received from the load sensor.

Systems and methods for tracking a target volume, e.g., tumor, in real-time during radiation treatment are provided. The system includes a memory to store a pre-acquired 3D image of the anatomy of interest in a first reference frame and a processor, operative coupled with the memory, to receive, from an ultrasound probe, a set-up ultrasound image of the anatomy of interest in a second reference frame. The processor further to establish a transformation between the first and second reference frames by registering the set-up ultrasound image with the pre-acquired 3D image and receive, from the ultrasound probe, an intrafraction ultrasound image of the anatomy of interest. The processor further to register the intrafraction ultrasound image with the set-up ultrasound image and track motion of the anatomy of interest based on the registered intrafraction ultrasound image.

A dual robot therapy system may be configured to provide a therapy beam (and/or an imaging beam) at each of multiple treatment beam angles that are selected from a much larger set of candidate beam angles than are possible with existing therapy delivery system.

A linear particle accelerator (LINAC) radiotherapy system of a subject is provided. The system includes a gantry and an adaptive radiotherapy computing device. The gantry includes a radiation delivery assembly including LINACs and an x-ray imaging assembly, wherein the gantry defines a c-arm. The at least one processor of the adaptive radiotherapy computing device is programmed to receive first images of the subject acquired by an imaging system, and receive second images of the subject acquired by the x-ray imaging assembly, wherein the first images have higher resolutions than the second images. The at least one processor is further programmed to adapt a treatment plan using the second images, wherein the treatment plan was designed based on the first images, and a level of optimization in adapting the treatment plan is adjustable. The at least one processor is also programmed to output the adapted treatment plan.

A method comprises identifying a treatment planning image of a target subject, the treatment planning image comprising information associated with an arrangement of structures within the target subject. The method further comprises generating, based on the information, a set of reference data associated with the target subject, the reference data indicating a plurality of positions of the target subject. The method further comprises generating target-subject-specific models based on the reference data and modifying one or more hyper-parameters of the target-subject-specific mode to generate second target-subject-specific models corresponding to a second position of the plurality of positions. The method further comprises controlling a radiation treatment delivery device based on the second target-subject-specific model to deliver a radiation treatment to the target subject.

Presented systems and methods facilitate efficient and effective generation and delivery of radiation. In one embodiment, a radiation system includes a patient station, wherein the patient station includes a plurality of accelerator systems, and a microwave generation system configured to generate microwaves for the plurality of accelerators. The plurality of accelerators can be configured to provide substantially simultaneous multiple radiation beams from the plurality of accelerators. In one exemplary implementation, the microwave generation system includes a plurality of radio frequency (RF) sources, wherein respective ones of the plurality of RF sources generate separate microwave signals for corresponding respective ones of the plurality of accelerator systems, and a plurality of modulators, wherein respective ones of the plurality of modulators modulate generation of the separate microwave signals by the respective ones of the plurality of RF sources. The respective ones of the plurality of RF sources and plurality of modulators can be included in a respective plurality of RF chains, wherein respective ones of the plurality of RF chains include a respective circulator and dose rate servo. Multiple radiation beams from the respective plurality of accelerator systems are configured to be transmitted from different orientations.