A Histomonas meleagridis strain having at least one of the following attenuating features (a) an inactivation of a gene, wherein the gene has the sequence identified by SEQ ID NO: 1 or a sequence with at least 90% sequence identity thereto, (b) an inactivation of a gene, wherein the gene has the sequence identified by SEQ ID NO: 2 or a sequence with at least 90% sequence identity thereto, (c) a truncating mutation in the coding sequence of a gene, wherein the gene has the unmutated coding sequence identified by SEQ ID NO: 3 or an unmutated coding sequence with at least 95% sequence identity thereto, and (d) a truncating mutation in the coding sequence of a gene, wherein the gene has the unmutated coding sequence identified by SEQ ID NO: 4 or an unmutated coding sequence with at least 95% sequence identity thereto. An anti-histomonosis vaccine containing the strain.

A Histomonas meleagridis strain having at least one of the following attenuating features (a) an inactivation of a gene, wherein the gene has the sequence identified by SEQ ID NO: 1 or a sequence with at least 90% sequence identity thereto, (b) an inactivation of a gene, wherein the gene has the sequence identified by SEQ ID NO: 2 or a sequence with at least 90% sequence identity thereto, (c) a truncating mutation in the coding sequence of a gene, wherein the gene has the unmutated coding sequence identified by SEQ ID NO: 3 or an unmutated coding sequence with at least 95% sequence identity thereto, and (d) a truncating mutation in the coding sequence of a gene, wherein the gene has the unmutated coding sequence identified by SEQ ID NO: 4 or an unmutated coding sequence with at least 95% sequence identity thereto. An anti-histomonosis vaccine containing the strain.

The invention provides compounds of Formula (I), and their use in methods for treating or preventing a protozoan infection in a subject using a compound of Formula (I). The invention also provides the use of a compound of Formula (I) in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of a protozoan infection in a subject. The invention further provides a medical device when used in a method of treating or preventing a protozoan infection in a subject and to a medical device comprising the composition of the invention.

The present invention relates to nucleic acids of the general formula (I): (N.sub.uG.sub.lX.sub.mG.sub.nN.sub.v).sub.a and derivatives thereof as an immunostimulating agent/adjuvant and to compositions containing same, optionally comprising an additional adjuvant. The present invention furthermore relates to a pharmaceutical composition or to a vaccine, each containing nucleic acids of formula (I) above and/or derivatives thereof as an immunostimulating agent, and optionally at least one additional pharmaceutically active component, e.g. an antigenic agent. The present invention relates likewise to the use of the pharmaceutical composition or of the vaccine for the treatment of cancer diseases, infectious diseases, allergies and autoimmune diseases etc. Likewise, the present invention includes the use of nucleic acids of the general formula (I): (N.sub.uG.sub.lX.sub.mG.sub.nN.sub.v).sub.a and/or derivatives thereof for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of such diseases.

Methods for treating eye diseases associated with inflammation and/or vascular proliferation in subjects are disclosed. The methods include administering therapeutically effective amounts of a tranilast compound, in particular (E)-2-[[3-(3-Methoxy-4-propargyloxy)phenyl)-1-oxo-2-propenyl]amino]benzoic acid or (E)-2-[[3,4-Bis(difluoromethoxy)phenyl)-1-oxo-2-propenyl]amino]benzoic acid or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof.

The present invention provides methods and compositions for specific activation of inflammatory responses in dendritic cells (DCs). 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonyl-sn-glycero phosphorylcholine (PAPC) and its oxidized variant (oxPAPC) were identified to promote DC-mediated immunity, and are provided as adjuvants in immunostimulatory compositions, including vaccines.

Described herein are pharmaceutical compositions and contact lens solutions comprising an Acanthamoeba encystation inhibitor such as a cationic quaternary ammonium compound and a physiologically or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient, optionally in combination with an Acanthamoeba cytotoxic agent such as an alkylphosphocholine. Such compositions are suitable for use in the treatment of Acanthamoeba infection or the prevention or treatment of Acanthamoeba keratitis.

Described herein are pharmaceutical compositions and contact lens solutions comprising an Acanthamoeba encystation inhibitor such as a cationic quaternary ammonium compound and a physiologically or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient, optionally in combination with an Acanthamoeba cytotoxic agent such as an alkylphosphocholine. Such compositions are suitable for use in the treatment of Acanthamoeba infection or the prevention or treatment of Acanthamoeba keratitis.

A compound represented by general formula (I) wherein all the symbols are as defined in the specification has a selective S1P5 receptor agonist activity due to having a linker from a phenyl group to a cyclic substituent in a dihydronaphthalene skeleton; i.e., due to having a short linker of one atom or less as L in general formula (I), and can therefore serve as an agent for treating S1P5-mediated disease, e. g., neurodegenerative disease such as schizophrenia. ##STR00001##

The present disclosure provides isolated monoclonal antibodies, particularly human monoclonal antibodies that specifically bind to PD-L1 with high affinity. Nucleic acid molecules encoding the antibodies of this disclosure, expression vectors, host cells and methods for expressing the antibodies of this disclosure are also provided. Immunoconjugates, bispecific molecules and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the antibodies of the invention are also provided. The disclosure also provides methods for detecting PD-L1, as well as methods for treating various diseases, including cancer and infectious diseases, using anti-PD-L1 antibodies.