The invention relates to a mechanically stable ultrafiltration membrane and to a method for producing such an ultrafiltration membrane.

The invention relates to a mechanically stable ultrafiltration membrane and to a method for producing such an ultrafiltration membrane.

Provided is a method for preparing a peptide emulsion formulation capable of preparing a desired peptide emulsion formulation. A method for preparing a peptide emulsion formulation includes a step of mixing an aqueous solution containing a compound consisting of an amino acid sequence represented by Formula (1), a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a peptide consisting of an amino acid sequence represented by WAPVLDFAPPGASAYGSL (SEQ ID NO: 1) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof with an oily formulation and applying vibration mixing; and a membrane emulsification step of passing a premixed solution after the vibration mixing through a membrane filter to emulsify the premixed solution.

Provided is a method for preparing a peptide emulsion formulation capable of preparing a desired peptide emulsion formulation. A method for preparing a peptide emulsion formulation includes a step of mixing an aqueous solution containing a compound consisting of an amino acid sequence represented by Formula (1), a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a peptide consisting of an amino acid sequence represented by WAPVLDFAPPGASAYGSL (SEQ ID NO: 1) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof with an oily formulation and applying vibration mixing; and a membrane emulsification step of passing a premixed solution after the vibration mixing through a membrane filter to emulsify the premixed solution.

A cellulose ester, wherein, in a structural formula of the following general formula (I), a degree of substitution where X is an acyl group is from 2.91 to 3.0; the acyl group includes benzoyl group (A) optionally having a substituent, and benzoyl group (B) optionally having a substituent different from that of benzoyl group (A); and when the degree of substitution is 3.0, a degree of substitution of benzoyl group (A) is from 1.5 to 2.9, and a degree of substitution of benzoyl group (B) is from 0.1 to 1.5, ##STR00001##
wherein all or some of X represents an acyl group; when some of X represents an acyl group, the remainder represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom and an alkyl group; and n represents an integer of from 20 to 20,000.

A cellulose ester, wherein, in a structural formula of the following general formula (I), a degree of substitution where X is an acyl group is from 2.91 to 3.0; the acyl group includes benzoyl group (A) optionally having a substituent, and benzoyl group (B) optionally having a substituent different from that of benzoyl group (A); and when the degree of substitution is 3.0, a degree of substitution of benzoyl group (A) is from 1.5 to 2.9, and a degree of substitution of benzoyl group (B) is from 0.1 to 1.5, ##STR00001##
wherein all or some of X represents an acyl group; when some of X represents an acyl group, the remainder represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom and an alkyl group; and n represents an integer of from 20 to 20,000.

The present invention provides a separation membrane having excellent separation performance and permeation performance, having high membrane strength, and mainly including a cellulose-based resin. The present invention relates to a separation membrane containing a cellulose ester and having a tensile elasticity of 1,500 to 6,500 MPa.

The present invention provides a separation membrane having excellent separation performance and permeation performance, having high membrane strength, and mainly including a cellulose-based resin. The present invention relates to a separation membrane containing a cellulose ester and having a tensile elasticity of 1,500 to 6,500 MPa.

The present invention addresses the problem of providing: a composite hollow-fiber membrane having high permeability and high membrane strength; and a production method therefor. The present invention pertains to a composite hollow-fiber membrane that at least has a layer (A) and a layer (B), wherein the layer (A) contains a thermoplastic resin, the layer (A) is provided with a co-continuous structure comprising voids and a phase containing the thermoplastic resin, the co-continuous structure has a structural cycle of 1-1000 nm, and the hole area rate H.sub.A of the layer (A) and the hole area rate H.sub.B of the layer (B) fulfill the relation: H.sub.A<H.sub.B.

A gas separation membrane, methods of forming the membrane, and methods of using the membrane for gas separation are provided. An exemplary gas separation membrane includes a cellulosic matrix and a polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM). The PIM includes chains coupled by a heat-treating under vacuum.