A submersible aeration apparatus includes an air passage formed on a pump chamber to draw air into the pump chamber. A suction port formed on a lower side of the pump chamber draws liquid into the pump chamber. An impeller draws air through the air passage and liquid through the suction port. An ejection passage ejects the air and liquid. The impeller includes a main plate portion to cover a connection port connecting the air passage to the pump chamber. A vane portion protrudes downward from a lower surface of the main plate portion on the suction port side. The main plate portion has a cut-out part connecting the air passage and the pump chamber, and a groove part recessed from an upper surface of the main plate portion toward the lower surface and extending from an inner peripheral side toward an outer peripheral side of the main plate portion.

A method for sterilizing by X-rays an assembly containing a single-use device intended to receive a biopharmaceutical fluid, comprising: placing a plurality of dosimeters, repeatedly passing the assembly in front of the X-ray radiation window, according to a first face then according to a second face of the assembly, at several irradiation power-time pairs (PTi), followed by mapping the radiation dose; and determining an optimum power-time pair (PTopt) for which the mapping reveals that all dosimeters have recorded a radiation dose above a minimum sterility dose (Dmin), and for which the dosimeter associated with a fragile element of the single-use device records a radiation dose below a maximum dose (Dmax) defined as being the dose from which the X-ray irradiation deteriorates the fragile element.

A submersible aeration apparatus includes an air passage formed on a pump chamber to draw air into the pump chamber. A suction port formed on a lower side of the pump chamber draws liquid into the pump chamber. An impeller draws air through the air passage and liquid through the suction port. An ejection passage ejects the air and liquid. The impeller includes a main plate portion to cover a connection port connecting the air passage to the pump chamber. A vane portion protrudes downward from a lower surface of the main plate portion on the suction port side. The main plate portion has a cut-out part connecting the air passage and the pump chamber, and a groove part recessed from an upper surface of the main plate portion toward the lower surface and extending from an inner peripheral side toward an outer peripheral side of the main plate portion.

A gas-saturated liquid generator having a vessel of the generator, a hollow bell in its upside down position located with a tube for gas supply, and a mixer situated in the area for saturated liquid covered by the bell is disclosed. The entire bell is submerged below the surface of the saturated liquid. On a shaft projecting from a driving equipment, the mixer provided with a foaming spring is situated. The mixer provided with a magnetic carrier seated rotatably on the protrusion formed by a bulge in the bottom part of the generator vessel may be used. The preferred bell forms are dome-shaped, cylindrical or conical.

A method for sterilizing by X-rays an assembly containing a single-use device intended to receive a biopharmaceutical fluid, comprising: placing a plurality of dosimeters, repeatedly passing the assembly in front of the X-ray radiation window, according to a first face then according to a second face of the assembly, at several irradiation power-time pairs (PTi), followed by mapping the radiation dose; and determining an optimum power-time pair (PTopt) for which the mapping reveals that all dosimeters have recorded a radiation dose above a minimum sterility dose (Dmin), and for which the dosimeter associated with a fragile element of the single-use device records a radiation dose below a maximum dose (Dmax) defined as being the dose from which the X-ray irradiation deteriorates the fragile element.