An aeration apparatus for aerating water discharged from a hydraulic turbine includes: a manifold disposed within a crown of a runner of the hydraulic turbine; a plurality of radial pipes extending radially from an outer perimeter of the manifold and in fluid communication with the manifold; and one or more air injectors having a first end disposed within an aeration pipe, each of the one or more air injectors having a second end extending into a nozzle at a first end of one of the radial pipes. Rotation of the aeration apparatus resulting from rotation of the runner causes pumping of water from the manifold through the radial pipes past the one or more air injectors, and water flowing past the one or more air injectors causes air to become entrained in the water. The radial pipes discharge the water and entrained air from the aeration apparatus.

The present invention relates to a gassing unit for bubble-free introduction of a process gas into a liquid located in a reactor, wherein the gassing unit comprises at least: a first gas receiving chamber and, spaced therefrom, a second gas receiving chamber for receiving a process gas, the two gas receiving chambers being connected to one another via at least two two-dimensional, gas-conducting diffusion membranes comprising hollow fibers spaced apart from one another and at least partially fixed to one another; a receptacle for a gas supply on at least one of the gas receiving chambers; a receptacle for a shaft on at least one of the gas receiving chambers;
wherein the gassing unit for gassing the liquid in the reactor can be supplied with process gas via the gas supply receptacle, can be set into a rotational movement via the receptacle for the shaft and can form a convection flow within the reactor via the rotational movement of the gassing unit in the liquid. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for gassing a process liquid, a gas-liquid reactor comprising a gassing unit according to the invention, and the use of a gassing unit according to the invention for supplying biological cultures with process gases.

An aeration apparatus for aerating water discharged from a hydraulic turbine includes: a manifold disposed within a crown of a runner of the hydraulic turbine; a plurality of radial pipes extending radially from an outer perimeter of the manifold and in fluid communication with the manifold; and one or more air injectors having a first end disposed within an aeration pipe, each of the one or more air injectors having a second end extending into a nozzle at a first end of one of the radial pipes. Rotation of the aeration apparatus resulting from rotation of the runner causes pumping of water from the manifold through the radial pipes past the one or more air injectors, and water flowing past the one or more air injectors causes air to become entrained in the water. The radial pipes discharge the water and entrained air from the aeration apparatus.

A device for generating gas bubbles in a liquid in a container includes a rotatable gas-permeable hollow shaft arranged in a container, gassing discs arranged on the hollow shaft and spacers arranged between the gassing discs, gassing discs and spacers being arranged alternately on the hollow shaft in gas-tight contact with one another, a feed line for a compressed gas into the interior of the shaft, spacer having a centered opening (O) for receiving the shaft and at least two chambers, the chambers being equally spaced around the centered opening, where the centered opening and the chambers at least partially overlap, where the centered opening and the chambers are in communication with one another at least in the overlap region, so that the compressed gas can flow from the shaft into in each case a chamber of the spacer and enter the gassing discs from the chamber of the spacer.

A device for generating gas bubbles in a liquid in a container includes a rotatable gas-permeable hollow shaft arranged in a container, gassing discs arranged on the hollow shaft and spacers arranged between the gassing discs, gassing discs and spacers being arranged alternately on the hollow shaft in gas-tight contact with one another, a feed line for a compressed gas into the interior of the shaft, having a centered opening (O) for receiving said shaft and at least two chambers, said chambers being equally spaced around said centered opening, where said centered opening and said chambers at least partially overlap, where the centered opening and the chambers are in communication with one another at least in the overlap region, so that the compressed gas can flow from shaft into in each case a chamber of the spacer and enter the gassing discs from the chamber of the spacer.