An apparatus and method for extracting nucleic acids such as DNA molecules from biological samples uses solid-state magnetic manipulation. A fluid sample and magnetic beads are placed in a vessel. The vessel is placed in a housing with an array of electromagnets mounted therein. The electromagnets are energized sequentially or in groups to move the magnetic beads through the fluid sample in a variety of patterns. The apparatus disclosed herein may be used as a measurement device to measure bead number density and modify magnetic patterns in order to deliver consistent dosages in bead number.

An apparatus and method for extracting nucleic acids such as DNA molecules from biological samples uses solid-state magnetic manipulation. A fluid sample and magnetic beads are placed in a vessel. The vessel is placed in a housing with an array of electromagnets mounted therein. The electromagnets are energized sequentially or in groups to move the magnetic beads through the fluid sample in a variety of patterns. The apparatus disclosed herein may be used as a measurement device to measure bead number density and modify magnetic patterns in order to deliver consistent dosages in bead number.

Apparatus and methods for stirring a molten metal are provided. The apparatus comprising: two or more discrete units, each unit including a core being provided with two or more teeth, the core being provided with at least one electrically conducting coils; in use, mounting a first discrete unit in proximity to the container at a first location; in use, mounting a second discrete unit in proximity to the container at a second location; electrical connections between the two or more discrete units and a common control unit, thereby providing an electromagnetic stirrer. The apparatus format allows the discrete units to be position between different pairs of elements or parts of furnaces and the like to allow retrofitting of electromagnetic stirring where access is restricted.

Apparatus and methods for stirring a molten metal are provided. The apparatus comprising: two or more discrete units, each unit including a core being provided with two or more teeth, the core being provided with at least one electrically conducting coils; in use, mounting a first discrete unit in proximity to the container at a first location; in use, mounting a second discrete unit in proximity to the container at a second location; electrical connections between the two or more discrete units and a common control unit, thereby providing an electromagnetic stirrer. The apparatus format allows the discrete units to be position between different pairs of elements or parts of furnaces and the like to allow retrofitting of electromagnetic stirring where access is restricted.

Disclosed herein is a rotary tube furnace configured to facilitate a chemical reaction between a solid mass and a gas in the furnace. The rotary tube furnace may comprise a reaction chamber extending through the furnace, the reaction chamber configured to control ingress and egress of each of the solid mass and the gas in the reaction chamber; a passage way configured to supply the solid mass to the reaction chamber; a passage way configured to supply the gas to the reaction chamber and circulate the gas through the reaction chamber; a heater providing heat to the reaction chamber and configured to control a reaction temperature in the reaction chamber; a magnetic field source in proximity to the reaction chamber for generating a magnetic field to one or more reaction zones of the reaction chamber; wherein the reaction chamber provides for mixing the solid mass and the gas.

Disclosed herein is a rotary tube furnace configured to facilitate a chemical reaction between a solid mass and a gas in the furnace. The rotary tube furnace may comprise a reaction chamber extending through the furnace, the reaction chamber configured to control ingress and egress of each of the solid mass and the gas in the reaction chamber; a passage way configured to supply the solid mass to the reaction chamber; a passage way configured to supply the gas to the reaction chamber and circulate the gas through the reaction chamber; a heater providing heat to the reaction chamber and configured to control a reaction temperature in the reaction chamber; a magnetic field source in proximity to the reaction chamber for generating a magnetic field to one or more reaction zones of the reaction chamber; wherein the reaction chamber provides for mixing the solid mass and the gas.

This electromagnetic stirring device configured to apply an electromagnetic force which generates a swirling flow around a vertical axis to molten metal in a mold by generating a rotating magnetic field in the mold, which is a quadrangular tubular mold for continuous casting, the electromagnetic stirring device provided with an iron core enclosing the mold at a side of the mold and including two teeth arranged side by side in a circumferential direction of the mold so as to face an outer side surface for each of outer side surfaces of the mold, coils wound around the respective teeth of the iron core, and a power supply device which applies an alternating current to each of the coils with a phase shift by 90° in arrangement order of the coils so as to generate the rotating magnetic field.

This electromagnetic stirring device configured to apply an electromagnetic force which generates a swirling flow around a vertical axis to molten metal in a mold by generating a rotating magnetic field in the mold, which is a quadrangular tubular mold for continuous casting, the electromagnetic stirring device provided with an iron core enclosing the mold at a side of the mold and including two teeth arranged side by side in a circumferential direction of the mold so as to face an outer side surface for each of outer side surfaces of the mold, coils wound around the respective teeth of the iron core, and a power supply device which applies an alternating current to each of the coils with a phase shift by 90° in arrangement order of the coils so as to generate the rotating magnetic field.

There is provided a method of extracting material from a fluid method of extracting material from a fluid, the fluid being held within a fluid chamber. The method comprises drawing, with a magnetic field generating system, at least one magnetically susceptible member through the fluid around a closed path between at least three points in the chamber, said at least one member being adapted to bind to material in fluid in the chamber. The at least three points are arranged relative to each other in a shape having at least two dimensions, the magnetic field generating system being configured to move the at least on magnetically susceptible member directly between the at least three points, material in the fluid binding to the at least one magnetically susceptible member when it comes into contact with the at least one member as it moves through the fluid.

A method for electromagnetic stirring of liquid metal in a continuous charge electric arc furnace, in which there are positioned a first electromagnetic field along a first axis of electromagnetic stirring and a second electromagnetic field along a second axis of electromagnetic stirring.