A reactor for nanoparticle production comprising a main chamber including a first nozzle to which raw material gas is supplied, a lens housing connected to the main chamber in a fluidly movable manner and including a second nozzle for supplying flushing gas to the lens housing, a lens mounted on the lens housing, a light source for irradiating a laser, which passes through the lens to reach the raw material gas in the main chamber, and a hood for discharging nanoparticles generated in the main chamber. A cross-sectional area of at least a part of the lens housing decreases along a direction facing the main chamber.

The present invention provides a nanoparticle synthesis device capable of improving productivity of nanoparticles by increasing the size of a reaction region of laser pyrolysis of a source gas.

Systems and methods are provided for receiving a first media content item associated with a first interactive object of an interactive message, receiving a second media content item associated with a second interactive object of the interactive message, generating a third media content item based on the first media content item and second media content item, wherein the third media content item comprises combined features of the first media content item and the second media content item, and causing display of the generated third media content item.

Methods, apparatus, and systems for mitigating pinhole defects in optical devices such as electrochromic windows. One method mitigates a pinhole defect in an electrochromic device by identifying the site of the pinhole defect and obscuring the pinhole to make it less visually discernible. In some cases, the pinhole defect may be the result of mitigating a short-related defect.

A compound or complex containing a rare earth element is impinged with a pulsed laser that is so controlled as to photochemically reduce and obtain a rare earth metal (REM). A mixture of REM salts can be impinged using laser light tuned to selectively reduce a particular rare earth-containing salt of the mixture to separate out as its respective rare earth metal.

The present invention addresses to an adaptation of a laser system in a reactor for the application of laser radiation, promoting the thermal catalysis of the complexation reactions of barium sulfate (BaSO.sub.4), strontium sulfate (SrSO.sub.4) and CaCO.sub.3 with application in fields of drilling and completion of wells, as well as lifting and draining systems; in this case, aiming at the removal of scale at an appropriate temperature for the complexation and consequent dissolution of the scale salt in subsea equipment of the production systems.

The process and apparatus according to the invention allow the production of chemical compounds without the use of catalysts. For this purpose, the reactants necessary for the desired products are fed to compression reactors. In addition, the reaction conditions are controlled by means of an electronic control device. For this purpose, among other things, the compression reactors are combined with an electric motor, thereby influencing the residence time in the reactors. In addition, it is planned to raise the reactant pressures with the help of a compressor. In addition, the operating conditions are recorded with suitable sensors and/or analysers.

The process and apparatus according to the invention allow the production of hydrocarbons and ammonia without the use of catalysts. For this purpose, waste gases containing CO.sub.2 or N.sub.2 from an upstream process are fed to compression reactors. In addition, hydrogen from an electrolyzer is fed to these reactors to enable hydrogenation of the fed substances. Methane, alcohols and ammonia, for example, can be produced by this process. In order to increase the yield of the process, it is planned to raise the reactant pressure with the aid of a compressor.

Photon generating substrates for light-directed oligonucleotide synthesis are disclosed. Light is generated within a solid-state stack that supports growing oligonucleotides. The light may be generated by microLEDs, a pass-through liquid crystal panel, or an LCoS system. Light passes through a transmissive layer on which growing oligonucleotides are attached. Patterning of the light is controlled by selective activation of the microLEDs or by selective control of the transparency of a liquid crystal layer. Photolabile blocking groups are selectively removed by exposure to patterned light emitted from the photon generating substrate.

The present invention addresses the problem of providing a method for producing a fibrous carbon nanohorn aggregate with higher efficiency. According to one embodiment of the present invention, a method for producing a carbon nanohorn aggregate comprising a fibrous carbon nanohorn aggregate, is provided, which includes a step (a) of fixing the end of a rod-shaped carbon target to a fixing jig, and a step (b) of irradiating the rod-shaped carbon target with a laser light, and moving the irradiation position of the laser light in the longitudinal direction of the rod-shaped carbon target without rotating the rod-shaped carbon target.