Catalyst for oxygen storage capacity applications that include a zinc doped manganese-iron spinel mixed oxide material. The zinc doped manganese-iron spinel mixed oxide material may be synthesized by a co-precipitation method using a precipitation agent such as sodium carbonate and exhibits a high oxygen storage capacity.

A method for producing a three-dimensional porous catalyst monolith of stacked catalyst fibers, comprising the following steps: a) Preparing a suspension paste in a liquid diluent of a reforming catalyst, and which suspension can furthermore comprise a binder material, all particles in the suspension having an average particle size in the range of from 0.5 to 500 μm, b) extruding the paste of step a) through one or more nozzles to form fibers, and depositing the extruded fibers to form a three-dimensional porous catalyst monolith precursor, c) drying the porous catalyst monolith precursor to remove the liquid diluent, d) calcining the porous catalyst monolith precursor to form the porous catalyst monolith.

The present invention is generally directed to the production of low-carbon syngas from captured CO.sub.2 and renewable H.sub.2. The H.sub.2 is generated from water using an electrolyzer powered by renewable electricity, or from any other method of low-carbon H.sub.2 production. The improved catalysts use low-cost metals, they can be produced economically in commercial quantities, and they are chemically and physically stable up to 2,100° F. CO.sub.2 conversion is between 80% and 100% with CO selectivity of greater than 99%. The catalysts don't sinter or form coke when converting H.sub.2:CO.sub.2 mixtures to syngas in the operating ranges of 1,300-1,800° F., pressures of 75-450 psi, and space velocities of 2,000-100,000 hr.sup.−1. The catalysts are stable, exhibiting between 0 and 1% CO.sub.2 conversion decline per 1,000 hrs. The syngas can be used for the synthesis of low-carbon fuels and chemicals, or for the production of purified H.sub.2. The H.sub.2 can be used at the production site for the synthesis of low-carbon chemical products or compressed for transportation use.

An exhaust gas purification system of the present disclosure includes a first exhaust gas purification device that purifies exhaust gas discharged from an internal combustion engine and a second exhaust gas purification device that additionally purifies the exhaust gas purified by the first exhaust gas purification device, wherein the exhaust gas is exhaust gas with a gaseous composition in which an amount of reducing agents is in excess compared to a stoichiometric gaseous composition and a gaseous composition in which an amount of oxidants is in excess compared to the stoichiometric gaseous composition are alternately switched between, the first exhaust gas purification device includes a three-way catalyst, and the second exhaust gas purification device includes an exhaust gas purification catalyst containing spinel-type MgAl.sub.xFe.sub.2.00−xO.sub.4.00 supporting particles on which Rh is supported, where 0.00<×≤1.50.

Process for preparing a catalyst containing an active phase based on a group VIII metal and a porous support, comprising the following steps: bringing said support into contact with an organic compound comprising at least oxygen and/or nitrogen; bringing the porous support into contact with a solution containing a precursor of the active phase comprising a group VIII metal; drying the catalyst precursor at a temperature of less than 200° C. so as to obtain a dried catalyst precursor; calcining the dried catalyst precursor at a temperature of between 200° C. and 1100° C. under a stream of inert gas and/or of oxidizing gas, it being understood that the velocity of said gas stream, defined as the mass flow rate of said gas stream per volume of catalyst per hour, is greater than 1 litre per gram of catalyst and per hour.

Embodiments of the present invention relate to two improved catalysts and associated processes that directly convert carbon dioxide and hydrogen to liquid fuels. A catalytic system comprises two catalysts in series that are operated in tandem to directly produce synthetic liquid fuels. The carbon conversion efficiency for CO.sub.2 to liquid fuels is greater than 45%. The fuel is distilled into a premium diesel fuels (approximately 70 volume %) and naphtha (approximately 30 volume %) which are used directly as “drop-in” fuels without requiring any further processing. Any light hydrocarbons that are present with the carbon dioxide are also converted directly to fuels. This process is directly applicable to the conversion of CO.sub.2 collected from ethanol plants, cement plants, power plants, biogas, carbon dioxide/hydrocarbon mixtures from secondary oil recovery, and other carbon dioxide/hydrocarbon streams. The catalyst system is durable, efficient and maintains a relatively constant level of fuel productivity over long periods of time without requiring re-activation or replacement.

The present invention provides a production method for indene, comprising a dehydrogenation step of obtaining a reaction product containing indene by contacting a raw material gas containing indane and molecular hydrogen with a dehydrogenation catalyst, wherein the dehydrogenation catalyst comprises a support containing aluminum, and a supported metal supported on the support, the supported metal contains a group 14 metal element and platinum, and an atomic ratio of the group 14 metal element to the platinum in the dehydrogenation catalyst is 8.0 or less.

Modified red mud catalyst compositions, methods for production, and methods of use in autothermal reforming, the composition comprising: red mud material produced from an alumina extraction process from bauxite ore; and nickel oxide, the nickel oxide present at between about 5 wt. % to about 40 wt. % of the modified red mud catalyst composition.

An improved catalyst system is provided for the direct decomposition removal of NO.sub.x from an exhaust gas stream at temperatures between about 350° C. and about 600° C. that employs an (amorphous CuO.sub.x)/Co.sub.3O.sub.4 catalyst. The catalyst has an amorphous CuO.sub.x deposit on the surfaces of particles of Co.sub.3O.sub.4 spinel oxide. The catalyst is configured to reduce NO.sub.x to N.sub.2 without the presence of a reductant. The (amorphous CuO.sub.x)/Co.sub.3O.sub.4 catalyst is formed by the precipitation of the deposit from solution onto a suspension of Co.sub.3O.sub.4 spinel oxide particles. The catalyst system can be employed in a catalytic converter for the direct decomposition removal of NO.sub.x from an exhaust gas stream flowing at a temperature of less than or equal to about 500° C.

The present development is a method for the selective conversion of furfural to 2-methylfuran (2-MF) using a catalyst comprising non-toxic and non-noble metals and wherein the method requires relatively mild processing conditions. The catalyst comprises copper metal particles, used alone or in combination with cobalt, nickel, manganese, ruthenium, gallium, zinc, aluminum or a combination thereof, on a nanowire support. The catalyst is stable in liquid phase reactions and in the presence of water. The present development also includes a process for producing the catalyst.