A method and apparatus for generation of fluorine gas (F2) in situ at the point of use is provided. The portable fluorine generator includes a dilution system disposed within a housing and operable to mix a feed gas comprising fluorine with an inert gas. The portable fluorine generator further includes a plasma reactor unit disposed within the housing and operable to separate fluorine (F2) from the feed gas comprising fluorine.

A system including a dump tank to receive a reactor product comprising a polymer and hydrocarbons, including liquid hydrocarbons, the dump tank including a vessel with a reactor product inlet, a motive gas inlet, a purge gas inlet, gas outlet(s), and a fluid outlet, the motive gas inlet for introducing a motive gas into the vessel, the purge gas inlet for introducing a purge gas into the vessel, the one or more gas outlets located at a top of the vessel and the fluid outlet located at a bottom of the vessel and fluidly connected with a dump tank fluid outlet line having a dump tank outlet valve to control flow of fluid out of the dump tank via the fluid outlet; and a strainer fluidly connected with the dump tank fluid outlet line to allow passage of liquid hydrocarbons therethrough into a hydrocarbon outlet line.

A system including a dump tank to receive a reactor product comprising a polymer and hydrocarbons, including liquid hydrocarbons, the dump tank including a vessel with a reactor product inlet, a motive gas inlet, a purge gas inlet, gas outlet(s), and a fluid outlet, the motive gas inlet for introducing a motive gas into the vessel, the purge gas inlet for introducing a purge gas into the vessel, the one or more gas outlets located at a top of the vessel and the fluid outlet located at a bottom of the vessel and fluidly connected with a dump tank fluid outlet line having a dump tank outlet valve to control flow of fluid out of the dump tank via the fluid outlet; and a strainer fluidly connected with the dump tank fluid outlet line to allow passage of liquid hydrocarbons therethrough into a hydrocarbon outlet line.

A method and an apparatus for preparing an oligomer, the method including supplying a feed stream including a monomer to a reactor to perform an oligomerization reaction, recovering unreacted monomer, and dissolving the recovered unreacted monomer in a solvent in a monomer dissolution device and supplying a discharge stream from the monomer dissolution device to the reactor. The method and the apparatus provide reduced investment costs and improved economic feasibility as there is no need to use a refrigerant at a very low temperature or install a separate compressor to recover and reuse the unreacted monomer in an oligomer production process.

A method and an apparatus for preparing an oligomer, the method including supplying a feed stream including a monomer to a reactor to perform an oligomerization reaction, recovering unreacted monomer, and dissolving the recovered unreacted monomer in a solvent in a monomer dissolution device and supplying a discharge stream from the monomer dissolution device to the reactor. The method and the apparatus provide reduced investment costs and improved economic feasibility as there is no need to use a refrigerant at a very low temperature or install a separate compressor to recover and reuse the unreacted monomer in an oligomer production process.

The present invention relates to a method of oxidising at least one aqueous organic compound in a triphasic reaction mixture, wherein the reaction mixture comprises at least one solid, at least one liquid and at least one gaseous constituent, wherein (i) the solid component is (a) a catalytically active composite based on (b) at least one perforated and permeable support, wherein the composite is on at least one side of the support and inside the support and (a) the composite is obtained by applying a suspension comprising at least one inorganic component having a particle size from 1 to 10 000 nm and at least one compound of at least one of the elements La, Ce, Mg, Sc, Y, Ti, Zr, Nb, V, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Fe, B, Al, In, Tl, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, Sb, Pd, Ru, Re, Hf, Gd, Ag, Cu, Li, K, Na, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba and Bi with at least one of the elements Zn, Al, Te, Se, S, O, Sb, As, P, N, Ge, Si, C and Ga, in suspension in a sol, and (b) the support comprises fibers of at least one material selected from the group consisting of carbon, metal, alloy, ceramic, glass, mineral, plastic, amorphous substance, composite, natural product, and a combination thereof and heating the support at least once to a temperature of between 100 to 800° C. for 10 minutes to 5 hours, during which the suspension comprising the inorganic component is solidified on and inside the support.

Methods and systems for solution polymerization. The method can include forming a first mixture stream consisting essentially of at least one catalyst and a process solvent, and forming a second mixture stream consisting essentially of at least one activator and the process solvent. The first mixture stream and the second mixture stream can be fed separately to at least one reaction zone comprising one or more monomers dissolved in the process solvent where the at least one monomers can be polymerized within the at least one reaction zone in the presence of the catalyst, activator and process solvent to produce a polymer product.

The invention provides a unit operation formed by a device and its use for continuous virus inactivation of a continuous flow of a process fluid. The unit operation formed by a device comprises a single inlet at one end and an outlet at the opposite end and at least one HFI, characterized in that the HFI further comprises at least one installation.

A cascade reactor scheme with acid and hydrocarbon flowing in reverse directions. The systems and processes for alkylation of olefins herein may include providing a first olefin to a first alkylation zone, and a second olefin to a second alkylation zone. Isoparaffin may be provided to the first alkylation zone. The isoparaffin and first olefin may be contacted with a partially spent sulfuric acid in the first alkylation zone to form a spent acid phase and a first hydrocarbon phase including alkylate and unreacted isoparaffin. The first hydrocarbon phase and second olefin may be contacted with a sulfuric acid feed in the second alkylation zone to form a second hydrocarbon phase, also including alkylate and unreacted isoparaffin, and the partially spent sulfuric acid that is fed to the first alkylation zone. Further, the second hydrocarbon phase may be separated, recovering an isoparaffin fraction and an alkylate product fraction.

Processes and apparatus for preparing bimodal polymers are provided. In some embodiments, processes include introducing a monomer, a first diluent, a catalyst, hydrogen, at a first hydrogen concentration, and optional comonomer, to a first loop reactor to produce, under polymerization conditions, a first slurry of polymer solids. Processes may also include continuously discharging the first slurry of polymer solids from the loop reactor as a first polymerization effluent to a first flash tank; separating the first polymerization effluent in the first flash tank to provide a first concentrated polymer slurry with significantly lower hydrogen concentration; and transferring the first concentrated polymer slurry from the flash tank to a re-slurry mixer. Processes may further include introducing a re-slurry mixer diluent to the first concentrated polymer slurry to form a second concentrated polymer slurry in the re-slurry mixer that can be pumped to a second slurry loop reactor.