The present invention relates to a gas/liquid oligomerization reactor with successive zones of variable diameter. The invention also relates to a process for the oligomerization of ethylene using a gas/liquid oligomerization reactor with successive zones of variable diameter.

An apparatus for depolymerization of polymers, in particular polyesters, polyamides, polyurethanes and polycarbonates, comprises a microwave depolymerization reactor having a reaction chamber; a microwave generation and transport system to send microwaves into the reaction chamber and comprising a microwave generator and a guide device housed in the reaction chamber to convey and distribute microwaves in the reaction chamber; a mixing device, rotating around the axis in the reaction chamber and configured so as to dynamically distribute inside the reaction chamber a mixture of liquids and solids contained in the reaction chamber; and a pressurization system configured to vary the pressure within the reaction chamber.

Fuel tank inerting systems are described. The systems include a fuel tank, a catalytic reactor arranged to receive a reactant mixture comprising a first reactant and a second reactant to generate an inert gas to be supplied to the fuel tank to fill an ullage space of the fuel tank, a condenser heat exchanger arranged between the catalytic reactor and the fuel tank and configured to cool an output from the catalytic reactor, and a fan assembly arranged within an inerting system flow path upstream of the catalytic reactor, wherein the fan assembly is arranged within a gas flow having a temperature of at least 185° C.

Fuel tank inerting systems are provided. The systems include a fuel tank, an air source arranged to supply air into a reactive flow path, a catalytic reactor having a plurality of sub-reactors along the flow path, and a heat exchanger. The sub-reactors are arranged relative to the heat exchanger such that the flow path passes through at least a portion of the heat exchanger between two sub-reactors along the flow path. At least one fuel injector is arranged relative to at least one sub-reactor. The fuel injector is configured to inject fuel into the flow path at at least one of upstream of and in the respective at least one sub-reactor to generate a fuel-air mixture. A fuel tank ullage supply line fluidly connects the flow path to the fuel tank to supply an inert gas to a ullage of the fuel tank.

A method for producing a polymer from a first component and a second component using a reactor (50) offers technical advantages, wherein reaction heat produced in the reactor (50) is discharged via a boiling cooler (40) by supplying gaseous vapors produced in the reactor (50) to the boiling cooler (40). A product flow containing condensed vapors is returned to the reactor (50) from the boiling cooler (40) via a separation vessel (60), and an aqueous phase is separated from the product flow in the separation vessel (60). A system is provided for producing a polymer from a first component and a second component, comprising a reactor (50) and a boiling cooler (40) for discharging reaction heat produced in the reactor (50). A separation vessel (60) is arranged between the boiling cooler (40) and the reactor (50) such that a product flow containing condensed vapors is returned to the reactor (50) from the boiling cooler (40) via the separation vessel (60).

Disclosed herein is a system for solution polymerization comprising a reactor system that is operative to receive a monomer and to react the monomer to form a polymer; a plurality of devolatilization vessels located downstream of the reactor system, where each devolatilization vessel operates at a lower pressure than the preceding devolatilization vessel; and a heat exchanger disposed between two devolatilization vessels and in fluid communication with them, where the heat exchanger has an inlet port temperature of 100° C. to 230° C., an outlet port temperature of 200° C. to 300° C., an inlet port pressure of 35 to 250 kgf/cm.sup.2 and an outlet port pressure of 20 to 200 kgf/cm.sup.2; and wherein the polymer solution remains in a single phase during its residence in the heat exchanger.

The invention provides a reactor assembly (1) comprising a reactor (30), wherein the reactor (30) is configured for hosting a fluid (100) to be treated with light source radiation (11) selected from one or more of UV radiation, visible radiation, and IR radiation, wherein the reactor (30) comprises a reactor wall (35) which is transmissive for the light source radiation (11), wherein: (i) the reactor (30) is a tubular reactor (130), and wherein the reactor wall (35) defines the tubular reactor (130); (ii) the tubular reactor (130) is configured in a tubular arrangement (1130); and (iii) the reactor assembly (1) further comprises a reactor support element (40), wherein (a) the reactor support element (40) encloses at least part of the tubular arrangement (1130) or wherein (b) the tubular arrangement (1130) encloses at least part of the reactor support element (40); wherein part of the tubular arrangement (1130) is configured in contact with the reactor support element (40), and wherein another part of the tubular arrangement (1130) and the reactor support element (40) define one or more fluid transport channels (7).

Fuel tank inerting systems are described. The systems include a fuel tank having an inerting system flow path connected to the fuel tank. A catalytic reactor is arranged along the inerting system flow path configured to receive a reactant mixture of first reactant and a second reactant to generate inert gas. A condenser heat exchanger is arranged between the catalytic reactor and the fuel tank to cool an output from the catalytic reactor. A first ejector is configured to receive the first reactant and the second reactant and output the reactant mixture through an outlet. A second ejector is configured to receive an inert gas and the second reactant to output a mixture of the second reactant and the inert gas.

A method for producing a polymer from a first component and a second component using a reactor (50) offers technical advantages, wherein reaction heat produced in the reactor (50) is discharged via a boiling cooler (40) by supplying gaseous vapors produced in the reactor (50) to the boiling cooler (40). A product flow containing condensed vapors is returned to the reactor (50) from the boiling cooler (40) via a separation vessel (60), and an aqueous phase is separated from the product flow in the separation vessel (60). A system is provided for producing a polymer from a first component and a second component, comprising a reactor (50) and a boiling cooler (40) for discharging reaction heat produced in the reactor (50). A separation vessel (60) is arranged between the boiling cooler (40) and the reactor (50) such that a product flow containing condensed vapors is returned to the reactor (50) from the boiling cooler (40) via the separation vessel (60).

A built-in micro interfacial enhanced reaction system and process for PTA production with PX are provided. The system includes a reactor and a micro interfacial unit disposed inside reactor. The reactor includes a shell, an inner cylinder concentrically disposed inside shell, and a circulating heat exchange device partially disposed outside shell, inner cylinder having a bottom end connected to inner bottom surface of the shell in closed manner and an open top end, a region between shell and inner cylinder being first reaction zone, inner cylinder containing second reaction zone and third reaction zone from top to bottom, circulating heat exchange device being connected to inner cylinder and micro interfacial unit respectively. The invention can solve problems of large waste of reaction solvent acetic acid under high temperature and high pressure and being unable to take out the product TA in time during existing process of PTA production with PX.