The present invention generally relates to droplet libraries and to systems and methods for the formation of libraries of droplets. The present invention also relates to methods utilizing these droplet libraries in various biological, chemical, or diagnostic assays.

The present invention generally relates to droplet libraries and to systems and methods for the formation of libraries of droplets. The present invention also relates to methods utilizing these droplet libraries in various biological, chemical, or diagnostic assays.

The present invention generally relates to droplet libraries and to systems and methods for the formation of libraries of droplets. The present invention also relates to methods utilizing these droplet libraries in various biological, chemical, or diagnostic assays.

The present invention generally relates to droplet libraries and to systems and methods for the formation of libraries of droplets. The present invention also relates to methods utilizing these droplet libraries in various biological, chemical, or diagnostic assays.

The invention generally relates to methods for quantifying an amount of enzyme molecules. Systems and methods of the invention are provided for measuring an amount of target by forming a plurality of fluid partitions, a subset of which include the target, performing an enzyme-catalyzed reaction in the subset, and detecting the number of partitions in the subset. The amount of target can be determined based on the detected number.

The invention generally relates to methods for quantifying an amount of enzyme molecules. Systems and methods of the invention are provided for measuring an amount of target by forming a plurality of fluid partitions, a subset of which include the target, performing an enzyme-catalyzed reaction in the subset, and detecting the number of partitions in the subset. The amount of target can be determined based on the detected number.

Paper-based single cell arrays are provided, as well as methods of making and using the arrays. The invention provides a low cost, high-throughput platform to detect and quantify different types of DNA damage at point-of-care without expensive equipment or highly trained personnel. Ordinary paper can be covered with multiple layers of common printing ink and micro-patterned to form discrete and ordered arrays capable of binding a single cell, which are then lysed and imaged. The platform allows quick and inexpensive testing of multiple anti-cancer treatment options for a particular patient. The invention can make cancer treatment personalized and more effective, even in low-resource settings.

A miniaturized, automated method for controlled printing of large arrays of nano- to femtoliter droplets by actively transporting mother droplets over hydrophilic-in-hydrophobic (“HIH”) micropatches. The technology uses single or double-plate devices where mother droplets can be actuated and HIH micropatches on one or both plates of the device where the droplets are printed. Due to the selective wettability of the hydrophilic micropatches in a hydrophobic matrix, large nano- to femtoliter droplet arrays are created when mother droplets are transported over the arrays. The parent droplets are moved by various droplet actuation principles. Also, a method using two plates placed one top another while being separated by a spacer. One plate is dedicated to confirming and guiding parent droplets by using hydrophilic patches in a hydrophobic matrix, while the other plate contains HIH arrays for printing of the droplets. When the parent droplet guidance plate is rotated over the plate dedicated to printing of nano- to femtoliter droplets, the droplets are dispensed inside the HIH array utilizing their selective wettability. The methods allow the parent droplets to move over the HIH arrays many times, providing advantages for performing bio-assays or miniaturized materials synthesis in nano- to femtoliter sized droplets. With controlled evaporation of the dispensed droplets of solution, large arrays of printed material can be generated in seconds. The methods provide a nano- to femtoliter droplet printing technique for a wide variety of applications, e.g., protein- or cell-based bio-assays or printing of crystalline structures, suspensions of nanoparticles or microelectronic components.

A method of preparing a sample may include depositing an aqueous solution comprising copies of a primer into a layer of hydrophobic liquid on a substrate with a thermal inkjet device. A sample may include: a substrate; a layer of hydrophobic liquid on the substrate, the layer of hydrophobic liquid comprising a plurality of droplets of aqueous solution distributed in the layer, wherein the plurality of droplets contain: primers; a polymerase enzyme; deoxynucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs); and a target sequence for replication; and a cover, the cover contacting and covering the layer of hydrophobic liquid.

The present invention relates to a patterned substrate comprising first regions having first dendrimer structures and second regions having second dendrimer structures on a surface of the substrate, as well as a to method for manufacturing a patterned substrate and the use of a patterned substrate for the chemical synthesis of a chemical synthesis product, as a characterizing platform and/or as a platform for cell treatment and/or cell cultivation.