A door assembly for a microwave reactor including a microwave waveguide to direct microwaves from an external microwave source to inside the microwave reactor, and having a waveguide interface for preventing backflow of a process gas into the waveguide; an inlet for entry of matter to be treated in the microwave reactor; a first seal at the periphery of the door assembly to sealably interface with a static front of the microwave reactor; a second seal inserted into a groove on an inside face of the door assembly to sealably interface with an opening of a microwave reactor drum, the groove having a width of about 12.9 inches (32.766 cm) divided by an integer, and the second seal configured to prevent solids and liquids from flowing outside of the reactor drum; and a ring choke to contact a choke arranged on the periphery of the opening of the reactor drum.

The present invention relates to a pressure vessel (1, 1′), having a lower part (20) and the lid (24) which can be locked to one another, in order, in the state in which they are locked to one another, to surround a reaction chamber (22) on all sides as a pressure space for initiating and/or promoting chemical and/or physical pressure reactions of samples (P) which are received in the reaction chamber (22), and a fluid inlet (FE) with a check valve (4) for feeding a fluid into the reaction chamber (22), the check valve (4) extending at least partially in the lid (24).

According to an embodiment, a method for preparing a sea urchin-shaped zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowire comprises preparing a mixture of a ZnO nano-powder and a graphite powder and irradiating the mixture, in a container, with a microwave.

A vessel system for high-pressure reactions is disclosed. The system includes a plugged polymer cylinder reaction vessel with a pressure vent opening extending radially through the wall of the reaction vessel and a supporting frame into which the vessel is received. Complementing keying structure elements on the vessel and on the frame limit the orientation of the reaction vessel in the supporting frame and the radially extending vent opening to a defined single position.

A product of a chemical reaction, being a five carbon atom molecule having a tetrahedral structure consisting of four apical carbon atoms and a fifth carbon atom located centrally within the tetrahedral structure.

The present invention relates to a pressure vessel system (1), comprising: —a pressure vessel (2) having a reaction chamber (3) in the form of a pressure chamber for initiating and/or promoting chemical and/or physical pressurized reactions of samples (P) received in the reaction chamber (3); and —a rail (50), which is rigidly connected to one pail of the pressure vessel (2) and has a first connection point (51) for admitting fluid, a second connection point (52) for discharging fluid and a fluid line (53), which fluidically connects the first connection point (51) to the second connection point (52), the fluid line (53) being fluidically connected to the reaction chamber (3) via the second connection point (52), and the rail (50) comprising at least one third connection point (55), which is fluidically connected to the fluid line (53) and can be connected to a device (56) such that the device (56) is fluidically connected to the fluid line (53) and thus to the reaction chamber (3).

A structural improvement for microwave-assisted high temperature high-pressure chemistry vessel systems is disclosed that among other advantages offers dynamic venting and resealing while a reaction proceeds and eliminates the risk of cross contamination associated with systems that use a common pressurized chamber. The improvement includes a relatively thin-walled disposable liner cylinder that includes one closed end and one open end defining a mouth, and a liner cap positioned in the mouth of the rigid liner cylinder for closing the rigid liner cylinder. The liner cap includes a depending column that engages the inside diameter of the rigid liner cylinder, and a disk at one end of the depending column having a diameter sufficient to rest upon the rigid liner cylinder without falling into the rigid cylinder liner so that the cylindrical liner cap can rest in the rigid liner cylinder at the mouth of the rigid liner cylinder. The depending column, includes a passage to provide a gas venting space, and a dynamic venting action, between the liner cap and the rigid liner cylinder.

Described is a chemical reactor, in particular of the batch type, including a main body defining a reaction space for chemical processes, a head element configured to hermetically seal the main body, a supporting base designed to contain the main body and a plurality of discretizing elements, which are anchored or can be anchored to the head element and extending inside said main body according to a main direction of extension, configured to discretize the process operations into sub-spaces for releasing activation energy.

The head element is movable in such a way as to form, using said discretizing elements, controlled mixing of the reactions and measurements, preferably density measurements, of the solutions.

Systems and methods for dispensing a liquid on a substrate are disclosed. The system may be used to coat a substrate and/or a sample (e.g., a biological sample) with a liquid. The system includes a rotating device configured to rotate about an axis and a substrate disposed on the rotating device. The substrate comprises a well configured to hold a liquid and the substrate is positioned on a surface of the rotating device perpendicular to and concentric with the axis. The system further includes a liquid handler configured to dispense the liquid into the well. The rotating device is configured to rotate at a speed sufficient to disperse the liquid within the well.

An ultraviolet irradiation device includes an inner cylinder forming a treatment flow path, an inflow portion allowing the object to flow into the treatment flow path, an outer cylinder accommodating the inner cylinder, a light emitting element irradiating the object passing through the treatment flow path with ultraviolet light, an O-ring dividing a space provided between an outer circumferential surface of the inner cylinder and an inner circumferential surface of the outer cylinder into a first chamber through which the object before ultraviolet irradiation passes and a third chamber through which the object after the ultraviolet irradiation passes, and a second chamber communicating with the first chamber through communication holes. The second chamber communicates with the treatment flow path through a plate.