Metal-inorganic frameworks (“MIFs”) having enhanced adsorption capabilities to hydrogen, CO, CO.sub.2, hydrocarbons, and a variety of other guest molecules are disclosed. All linkers in the MIFs contain metal complexes, comprising metal atoms and inorganic or organic ligands, instead of only organic ligands as linkers in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Compared to their MOF counterparts, MIFs with carbon-free or carbon-deficient chemical structure are expected to possess enhanced thermal stability, higher catalytic activity, and higher gas affinity and selectivity.

The present disclosure provides processes for preparing a crystalline form of 3-((1R,3s,5S)-3-((7-((5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)amino)-1,6-naphthyridin-5-yl)amino)-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-8-yl)propanenitrile and related intermediate compounds.

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of acetals from carbon dioxide. The invention also relates to a mixture of phosphorus containing ligands comprising least one polydentate ligand and at least one monodentate ligand. Further, the invention also relates to the use of mixtures comprising at least one polydentate ligand and at least one monodentate ligand in transition metal complexes for the preparation of acetals.

The present invention relates to novel processes for the enantioselective iridium-catalysed hydrogenation of oximes and oxime ethers to provide compounds of formula (II) and salts thereof formula (I) and (II).

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The present disclosure provides processes for preparing a crystalline form of 3-((1R,3s,5S)-3-((7-((5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)amino)-1,6-naphthyridin-5-yl)amino)-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-8-yl)propanenitrile and related intermediate compounds.

The invention relates to a method of preparing arylvinylsulphones. The method comprises forming o a first reaction mixture comprising a catalyst complex of Cu(I)halide and a ligand, wherein the ligand is selected from mono-, bi- or polydentate amine ligands and further comprises an organic sulphonate; a reactive solvent selected from (meth)acrylonitrile or alkyl (meth)acrylate; and an aryl sulfonyl halide reactant. A reaction is allowed to proceed in the first reaction mixture at an elevated temperature, whereby an intermediate product is obtained. The unreacted reactive solvent is separated from the first reaction mixture, and the intermediate product is dissolved to a low polarity solvent to form a second reaction mixture. A base is added to the second reaction mixture, wherein the intermediate product undergoes a base-catalyzed elimination of the halogen atom from the intermediate product to form the compound according to Formula (I), preferably under cooling. Finally, the desired compound is separated from the second reaction mixture.

Catalytic hydroesterification of alkyl lactates give alkyl 2-(propionyloxy)propanoates, starting from alkyl lactate, carbon monoxide, ethylene gas, and a palladium catalyst. Pyrolysis of alkyl 2-(propionyloxy)propanoates gives acrylate esters.

The present invention relates to ligands based on calixarenes, metal complexes including such ligands and their use as homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysts.

Catalytic hydroesterification of alkyl lactates give alkyl 2-(propionyloxy)propanoates, starting from alkyl lactate, carbon monoxide, ethylene gas, and a palladium catalyst. Pyrolysis of alkyl 2-(propionyloxy)propanoates gives acrylate esters.

Disclosed is a heterogeneous catalyst for producing acetic acid by carbonylation of methanol. In the heterogeneous catalyst, a rhodium complex ion is ionically bonded to an insoluble catalyst support, and the insoluble catalyst support includes a fluoropolymer having a quaternary pyridine radical alone or in combination with an acetate radical grafted on the surface thereof. According to the disclosure, a fixed-bed bubble column reactor can be easily designed. In addition, a special device for catalyst separation is not required, and thus the device manufacturing cost can be saved, the operating cost can be reduced due to process simplification, and productivity can be greatly increased.