Systems and processes for dehydrogenating one or more alkanes using electrically heated dehydrogenation reactors. The source of electric energy or power can be a power grid, solar panel, windmill, hydropower, nuclear power, fuel cell, gas turbines, steam turbines, portable generator or the like. The systems and processes provided herein result in a simpler dehydrogenation process which is particularly beneficial at a small scale and at remote locations, including the well site.

A reactor for nanoparticle production comprising a main chamber including a first nozzle to which raw material gas is supplied, a lens housing connected to the main chamber in a fluidly movable manner and including a second nozzle for supplying flushing gas to the lens housing, a lens mounted on the lens housing, a light source for irradiating a laser, which passes through the lens to reach the raw material gas in the main chamber, and a hood for discharging nanoparticles generated in the main chamber. A cross-sectional area of at least a part of the lens housing decreases along a direction facing the main chamber.

Systems and methods for molten media pyrolysis for the conversion of methane into hydrogen and carbon-containing particles are disclosed. The systems and methods include the introduction of seed particles into the molten media to facilitate the growth of larger, more manageable carbon-containing particles. Additionally or alternatively, the systems and methods can include increasing the residence time of carbon-containing particles within the molten media to facilitate the growth of larger carbon-containing particles.

The present invention provides a nanoparticle synthesis device capable of improving productivity of nanoparticles by increasing the size of a reaction region of laser pyrolysis of a source gas.

A process can be used for performing a pyrolysis of hydrocarbons in a rotary drum reactor at a temperature in the range of from 600 to 1800° C. The heat for the endothermic pyrolysis is provided by resistive heating of at least one particulate electrically conductive material introduced into said rotary drum reactor and moved through the rotary drum reactor with a flow of a hydrocarbon. The rotary drum reactor contains (A) an inner wall made of electrically insulated material, (B) a pressure-bearing outer wall, and (C) an electrical heating system attached to the inner wall and/or at least one integrated electrically conducting electrode pair. The at least one electrode pair is located at both ends of the inner wall of the rotary drum.

A process for producing hydrogen and pyrolytic carbon from hydrocarbons may involve converting hydrocarbons into hydrogen and carbon in a reactor at temperatures of 1000° C. or more. The reactor may include two electrodes spaced apart from one another in a flow direction of the hydrocarbons. In a region of the reactor between the electrodes an inert gas component is supplied over an entire reactor cross section. The reactor contains carbon particles in the region between the two electrodes. By introducing an inert gas component over the entire reactor cross section, deposition of carbon in this region of the reactor inner wall is prevented, thus effectively inhibiting the formation of conductivity bridges on the reactor inner wall.

A method and a device for preparing graphene and hydrogen gas by converting waste plastics with Joule heat are provided according to the present application. The method uses the Joule heat generated when a strong current passes through the mixed plastic material mixed with conductive additive, as the reaction driving energy. By Joule heating, carbon-carbon bonds and carbon-hydrogen bonds are broken, amorphous carbon is converted into sp.sup.2 hybridized high-purity graphene, and hydrogen atoms are converted into hydrogen gas. The reaction device used by the method is mainly composed of three parts: an airtight reaction chamber, a gas collecting system and a power control system.

Described herein are systems and methods for the depolymerization of polyethylene-based plastics. In one embodiment, a method is disclosed that comprises combining a polyethylene-based plastic with a solvent in a reactor to generate a plastic solvent mixture, heating the plastic solvent mixture in the reactor, and fractionating the plastic solvent mixture into a gas phase product, a solid phase product, and a liquid phase product. In another embodiment, a system is disclosed that comprises a solvent, and a reactor configured to receive the polyethylene-based plastic and the solvent and convert the polyethylene-based plastic into a gas phase product, a solid phase product, and a liquid phase product, the reactor being configured to operate at a temperature greater than 275° C. and at a pressure greater than 2 megapascals.

A circular carbon process involves: a) reacting hydrogen and carbon monoxide to produce methane and water, b) decomposing methane into carbon and hydrogen, and c) using carbon as reducing agent and/or using carbon in a carbon-containing material as reducing agent, in a chemical process to produce carbon monoxide and a reduced substance. The methane produced in a) is used in b), the carbon produced in b) is used in c), and carbon monoxide produced in c) is used in a).

The present invention generally relates to a system for preparing reduced graphene-cobalt chromate composite for humidity sensor applications comprises a first glass beaker for pouring 3-7 grams of sucrose; a preheated muffle furnace for heating the first glass beaker containing sucrose for 5-15 minutes at 450-500° C. in an oxygen environment and obtaining the black foam of rGO after hydrating the sugar; a second glass beaker for mixing 3-7 grams rGO, 3-7 grams carbamide, 3-7 grams cobaltous, and 3-7 grams chromium nitrate and dissolving with double-distilled water; and a magnetic stirrer for stirring the mixed solution for 450 minutes to generate a homogenous solution and burning the uniform mixture at 425° C. in the preheated muffle furnace for 20 minutes to obtain graphene-cobalt chromate composite.