A coating film forming method includes coating a coating liquid by supplying the same to a front surface of a substrate and rotating the substrate to form a coating film, supplying a high-temperature gas having a temperature higher than the substrate to an exposed region of a rear surface of the substrate, adjusting film thickness distribution of the coating film in a plane of the substrate by rotating the substrate at a first rotation speed, and drying, after the adjusting the film thickness distribution, the coating film by adjusting the film thickness of the coating film in an entire plane of the substrate by rotating the substrate at a second rotation speed different from the first rotation speed. A period in which the drying of the coating film is performed includes a period in which the supplying of the high-temperature gas to the substrate is stopped.

A porous carbon material composite formed of a porous carbon material and a functional material and equipped with high functionality. The porous carbon material composite is formed of (A) a porous carbon material obtainable from a plant-derived material having a silicon (Si) content of 5 wt % or higher as a raw material; and (B) a functional material adhered on the porous carbon material, and has a specific surface area of 10 m.sup.2/g or greater as determined by the nitrogen BET method and a pore volume of 0.1 cm.sup.3/g or greater as determined by the BJH method and MP method.

A two-component epoxy resin composition, made of: a resin component including: at least one epoxy resin that contains on average more than one epoxy group per molecule; up to 25 wt.-% of at least one epoxy-functional reactive diluent having one or two epoxy groups per molecule; and a hardener component including: between 40 and 80 wt.-% of at least one amino-functional hardener of formula (I),

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wherein n is an integer with a value of 2 or 3, R.sup.1 is a linear, cyclic or branched alkyl residue that optionally contains ether oxygen atoms and R.sup.2 is a methyl or ethyl group; between 10 and 30 wt.-% of at least one Lewis base having at least one tertiary amino group, amidine group, or guanidine group; and between 10 and 30 wt.-% of at least one carboxylic acid.

A polypeptide monolayer with a low surface potential and hydrophobicity. The polypeptide is composed of polypeptide molecules with a molecular weight of (1.48±0.2)×10.sup.5 g/mol, a thickness of the monolayer is 6.2-9.0 nm, the exposure of primary amino groups on the surface of the monolayer is 9.5-15%, a Zeta potential of the polypeptide monolayer is (−3)−(−9) mV, and a contact angle of the monolayer is (61±1°)-(84±1°). The monolayer can be ultrathin, with a minimum thickness of only about 6.6 nm. The polypeptide monolayer can also be applied to the preparation of a biosensor, which is conductive to increase in limit of detection. The content of primary amino groups on the surface of polypeptide monolayer is conductive to controllability of further chemical modification and laying the foundation for achieving controllable grafting of polysiloxane and biological preparations in the later stage.

Coated articles and methods and systems for coating the articles are described herein. The methods and systems described herein include, but are not limited to, steps for actively or passively controlling the temperature during the coating process, steps for providing intimate contact between the substrate and the support holding the substrate in order to maximize energy transfer, and/or steps for preparing gradient coatings. Methods for depositing high molecular weight polymeric coatings, end-capped polymer coatings, coatings covalently bonded to the substrate or one another, metallic coatings, and/or multilayer coatings are also disclosed. Deposition of coatings can be accelerated and/or improved by applying an electrical potential and/or through the use of inert gases.

A method of manufacturing a film includes disposing a substrate under one side of a baffle plate in a film manufacturing space, the baffle plate having a plurality of through-holes, and spraying an inert gas toward the substrate through a plurality of nozzle tips branched from a gas distribution pipe that is disposed over an other side of the baffle plate such that the inert gas penetrates the baffle plate through the through-holes.

Systems and methods for treating metal pipe couplings, including a frame and insulated panels attached to the frame forming an oven. A pre-heat zone and a bake zone inside the oven, the pre-heat zone separated from the bake zone by a shared oven wall. A combustion burner and recirculation blower are positioned in opposite ends of the oven in a pre-heat zone combustion/recirculation chamber. Another burner and recirculation blower pair are positioned in opposite ends of the oven in a bake zone combustion/recirculation chamber. Heated air supply plenums are fluidly connected to respective recirculation blowers, and include direction-adjustable nozzles to direct heated air generally downward onto pipe couplings moving through the preheat and bake zones. Return air plenums positioned in each of the pre-heat and bake zones each have an air inlet, and an outlet fluidly connected to respective combustion/recirculation chambers. Coating-cured metal pipe couplings made by the methods.

The disclosure relates to a method for coating a substrate with a lacquer. First, the lacquer is uniformly applied to the substrate. Then, the solvent proportion of the lacquer applied to the substrate is reduced, and the coated substrate is exposed to a solvent atmosphere. In some embodiments, the lacquer is heated. The invention also relates to a device for planarising a lacquer layer.

A flexible conductive film is comprised of a flexible base and a conductive layer coated on it. The flexible base uses Surlyn resin as the matrix. It uses silver nanowire as the conductive layer.

A substrate processing apparatus includes: a rotation support table capable of supporting and rotating a substrate; a chemical liquid nozzle that is arranged above an outer edge portion of the substrate that is supported by the rotation support table, and through which a chemical liquid is applied to the outer edge portion; and a solidified film forming unit that is arranged at least either on an upper side or on a lower side of the outer edge portion of the substrate that is supported by the rotation support table, and on a downstream side, in a direction of rotation of the substrate, of a position where the chemical liquid nozzle is arranged, and solidifies the chemical liquid applied to the outer edge portion, to form a solidified film that forms a part of an annular film.