A multi-stage incremental sheet forming system includes a forming tool, and at least one control unit in communication with the forming tool. The at least one control unit is configured to determine a convex hull of a target structure to be formed by the forming tool. The at least one control unit is further configured to operate the forming tool according to a first tool path in relation to an initial structure to form an intermediate structure having a shape based on the convex hull of the target structure. The at least one control unit is further configured to operate the forming tool according to a second tool path in relation to the intermediate structure to form one or more inward features into the intermediate structure to form the target structure.

A multi-stage incremental sheet forming system includes a forming tool, and at least one control unit in communication with the forming tool. The at least one control unit is configured to determine a convex hull of a target structure to be formed by the forming tool. The at least one control unit is further configured to operate the forming tool according to a first tool path in relation to an initial structure to form an intermediate structure having a shape based on the convex hull of the target structure. The at least one control unit is further configured to operate the forming tool according to a second tool path in relation to the intermediate structure to form one or more inward features into the intermediate structure to form the target structure.

A method and device are provided for simplifying a flow-drill screwing process. Based on work performed during the process, a process variable E is formed. This variable is compared to analogously formed comparison values in order to be able to determine the proper or faulty running of the process.

A method and a device are provided for simplifying a flow-hole screw process, in which the difference between a process parameter and its smoothed value is employed as a criterion for changing said process parameter or another process parameter in order in particular to be able to determine the changeover point between hole forming and thread forming.

A textured workpiece includes a body having an outer surface with at least a first surface portion. At least one of the body and the first surface portion is non-planar. A first set of barbs extends from and is integral with the first surface portion. A first set of grooves is formed in the first surface portion. Each barb of the first set barbs is associated with a respective one of the grooves of the first set of grooves. The workpiece can be used as reinforcing bar (rebar).

A vehicle assembly includes a first component having a stand-off that provides a cavity. The stand-off protrudes from an insertion side of the first component. The stand-off includes at least one side wall that extends from a floor of the cavity to at least one outer surface of the stand-off. The assembly further includes a second component that contacts the first component at an interface. The cavity is configured to receive a mechanical fastener that joins the first component to the second component. A distance between the floor of the cavity and the interface is greater in some areas than in other areas such that a cross-sectional thickness at a bottom of the cavity is varied.

A first piece (13) includes a first ring portion (13b) and a second ring portion (13c) which are arranged side by side in an axial direction and an inner diameter and an outer diameter of the first ring portion (13b) are respectively larger than an inner diameter and an outer diameter of the second ring portion (13c). A second piece (16) is obtained by pressing the first piece (13) while the first piece (13) is disposed between a first set and a second set.

A first piece (13) includes a first ring portion (13b) and a second ring portion (13c) which are arranged side by side in an axial direction and an inner diameter and an outer diameter of the first ring portion (13b) are respectively larger than an inner diameter and an outer diameter of the second ring portion (13c). A second piece (16) is obtained by pressing the first piece (13) while the first piece (13) is disposed between a first set and a second set.

A plastic forming machine including a fixed pole; a movable pole; a shaft for fixing a raw material; an electric motor for rotating the shaft; a linear movement system enabling the movement of the movable pole; a first pressing rod positioned on lower surface of the movable pole, includes a first arm extending parallel to the movable pole, a second arm extending vertical to the first arm, and a third arm, having a first end and second end, connected to the first arm from its second end; a second pressing rod having a first and a second end, is connected slidingly to the first arm from its first end; at least one actuator connected to the first arm; a contact end connected to the second ends of the second pressing rod and the third arm; at least one control system for controlling the linear movement mechanism and the actuator.

A plastic forming machine including a fixed pole; a movable pole; a shaft for fixing a raw material; an electric motor for rotating the shaft; a linear movement system enabling the movement of the movable pole; a first pressing rod positioned on lower surface of the movable pole, includes a first arm extending parallel to the movable pole, a second arm extending vertical to the first arm, and a third arm, having a first end and second end, connected to the first arm from its second end; a second pressing rod having a first and a second end, is connected slidingly to the first arm from its first end; at least one actuator connected to the first arm; a contact end connected to the second ends of the second pressing rod and the third arm; at least one control system for controlling the linear movement mechanism and the actuator.