A high-temperature component made of a refractory metal or a refractory metal alloy, includes a coating for increasing thermal emissivity. The coating is formed substantially of tungsten and rhenium, i.e. of at least 55 wt. % rhenium and at least 10 wt. % tungsten, and has a Re3W phase of at least 35 wt. %. A process for producing a high-temperature component having a coating for increasing thermal emissivity, is also provided.

This film-shaped firing material is a film-shaped firing material containing sinterable metal particles and a binder component, in which, when the average thickness of the portion of the film-shaped firing material excluding the edge portion is deemed 100%, the average thickness of the edge portion of the film-shaped firing material is at least 5% thicker than the average thickness of the portion of the film-shaped firing material excluding the edge portion.

Disclosed is a method for preparing a high-flatness metal foil suitable for making a metal mask, and the method comprises the following steps: forming a raw metal coarse foil; rolling the raw metal coarse foil at least once into a high-flatness metal foil; performing, by a heat treatment device, heat treatment processing on the precisely rolled metal foil according to a preset temperature and a preset time; using a tension leveler to perform tension leveling on the rolled and heat-treated metal foil; and obtaining a high-flatness metal foil after completion of the tension leveling and forming a rolled metal foil in a continuous forming process. The resulting metal foil has high flatness and low residual stress, which improves quality and performance of the metal foil and is suitable for the fabrication of fine metal masks.

Methods are provided for designing a microchannel layout for a flow field of a bipolar plate. The methods include defining a fluid flow optimization domain with boundary conditions and loads. Using a gradient-based algorithm together with computational fluid dynamics, the domain is then optimized for minimum flow resistance. The methods include setting the minimum inverse permeability to a non-zero value, and obtaining a grayscale design and fluid velocity field. Using Gray-Scott reaction diffusion equations with the grayscale design and fluid velocity field, the method includes obtaining a microchannel layout. The microchannel layout is then incorporated as a pattern for the flow field of the bipolar plate. In various aspects, anisotropic microchannels are provided; they may be formed using at least one of an additive manufacturing technique, a metal inverse opal electroplating technique, and a hybrid combination thereof.

Methods are provided for designing a microchannel layout for a flow field of a bipolar plate. The methods include defining a fluid flow optimization domain with boundary conditions and loads. Using a gradient-based algorithm together with computational fluid dynamics, the domain is then optimized for minimum flow resistance. The methods include setting the minimum inverse permeability to a non-zero value, and obtaining a grayscale design and fluid velocity field. Using Gray-Scott reaction diffusion equations with the grayscale design and fluid velocity field, the method includes obtaining a microchannel layout. The microchannel layout is then incorporated as a pattern for the flow field of the bipolar plate. In various aspects, anisotropic microchannels are provided; they may be formed using at least one of an additive manufacturing technique, a metal inverse opal electroplating technique, and a hybrid combination thereof.

A porous metal foil and porous metal wire are described. Capacitor anodes made from either or both of the porous metal foil and porous metal wire are further described as well as methods to make same.

A method of manufacturing an additively manufactured object includes: checking, for an additively manufactured object including a plurality of internal passages, the presence or absence of a deposit in each inner wall surface of the plurality of internal passages; and selectively removing the deposit from the internal passage in which the deposit has been detected in the checking, among the plurality of internal passages.

Thermally configurable structural elements (e.g., aircraft components such as an aircraft winglet spar) capable of assuming at least first and second structural configurations are provided whereby the structural element includes an integral actuation mechanism may be formed of sintered shape memory alloy (SMA) particles and sintered non-SMA particles formed by an additive layer manufacturing (ALM) process, such as 3D printing. The ALM process thereby provides by at least one thermally configurable region, and at least one non-thermally configurable region which is unitarily contiguous with the at least one thermally configurable region. The at least one thermally configurable region is capable of assuming at least first and second positional orientations in response to the presence or absence of a thermal input to thereby cause the structural element to assume the at least first and second structural configurations, respectively.

Thermally configurable structural elements (e.g., aircraft components such as an aircraft winglet spar) capable of assuming at least first and second structural configurations are provided whereby the structural element includes an integral actuation mechanism may be formed of sintered shape memory alloy (SMA) particles and sintered non-SMA particles formed by an additive layer manufacturing (ALM) process, such as 3D printing. The ALM process thereby provides by at least one thermally configurable region, and at least one non-thermally configurable region which is unitarily contiguous with the at least one thermally configurable region. The at least one thermally configurable region is capable of assuming at least first and second positional orientations in response to the presence or absence of a thermal input to thereby cause the structural element to assume the at least first and second structural configurations, respectively.

A spacecraft panel includes a first skin, a second skin spaced apart from the first skin, and a first truss structure connecting the first skin to the second skin. The first truss structure includes a plurality of truss members, and each truss member is integral with the first skin and the second skin, such that the first skin, the second skin, and the first truss structure collectively form a single monolithic joint-free structure.