Described herein are bioprinters comprising: one or more printer heads, wherein a printer head comprises a means for receiving and holding at least one cartridge, and wherein said cartridge comprises contents selected from one or more of: bio-ink and support material; a means for calibrating the position of at least one cartridge; and a means for dispensing the contents of at least one cartridge. Further described herein are methods for fabricating a tissue construct, comprising: a computer module receiving input of a visual representation of a desired tissue construct; a computer module generating a series of commands, wherein the commands are based on the visual representation and are readable by a bioprinter; a computer module providing the series of commands to a bioprinter; and the bioprinter depositing bio-ink and support material according to the commands to form a construct with a defined geometry.

Described herein are bioprinters comprising: one or more printer heads, wherein a printer head comprises a means for receiving and holding at least one cartridge, and wherein said cartridge comprises contents selected from one or more of: bio-ink and support material; a means for calibrating the position of at least one cartridge; and a means for dispensing the contents of at least one cartridge. Further described herein are methods for fabricating a tissue construct, comprising: a computer module receiving input of a visual representation of a desired tissue construct; a computer module generating a series of commands, wherein the commands are based on the visual representation and are readable by a bioprinter; a computer module providing the series of commands to a bioprinter; and the bioprinter depositing bio-ink and support material according to the commands to form a construct with a defined geometry.

A forming apparatus is equipped with (i) a conveyance unit configured to convey a formation sheet, that expands due to irradiation with electromagnetic waves, along a conveyance path in a state in which tension for causing bending in accordance with a conveyance path that is convexly bent is applied, and (ii) an irradiation unit configured to irradiate with the electromagnetic waves the formation sheet during conveyance by the conveyance unit in the state in which the tension is applied.

A forming apparatus is equipped with (i) a conveyance unit configured to convey a formation sheet, that expands due to irradiation with electromagnetic waves, along a conveyance path in a state in which tension for causing bending in accordance with a conveyance path that is convexly bent is applied, and (ii) an irradiation unit configured to irradiate with the electromagnetic waves the formation sheet during conveyance by the conveyance unit in the state in which the tension is applied.

Systems for and methods of forming structural components from a source, such as one or more rolls, of a fibrous material (e.g., fabric) are disclosed. The fibrous material is made up of multiple layers, with at least one pair of adjacent layers having different lengths.

The present invention provides an imprint apparatus that forms an imprint material pattern on a substrate by using a mold, comprising: a discharge unit on which a plurality of discharge outlets configured to discharge an imprint material are arranged; a measurement unit configured to measure a relative tilt between the discharge unit and the substrate; and a control unit configured to control a process of causing the discharge unit to discharge the imprint material while relatively moving the discharge unit and the substrate to each other, wherein the control unit is configured to change a relative movement direction of the discharge unit and the substrate in the process in accordance with the relative tilt measured by the measurement unit so as to reduce an arrangement error of the imprint material, discharged from the plurality of discharge outlets, on the substrate.

Various embodiments related to three dimensional printers, and reinforced filaments, and their methods of use are described. In one embodiment, a void free reinforced filament is fed into an conduit nozzle. The reinforced filament includes a core, which may be continuous or semi-continuous, and a matrix material surrounding the core. The reinforced filament is heated to a temperature greater than a melting temperature of the matrix material and less than a melting temperature of the core prior to drag the filament from the conduit nozzle.

The present invention provides an imprint apparatus that forms an imprint material pattern on a substrate by using a mold, comprising: a discharge unit on which a plurality of discharge outlets configured to discharge an imprint material are arranged; a measurement unit configured to measure a relative tilt between the discharge unit and the substrate; and a control unit configured to control a process of causing the discharge unit to discharge the imprint material while relatively moving the discharge unit and the substrate to each other, wherein the control unit is configured to change a relative movement direction of the discharge unit and the substrate in the process in accordance with the relative tilt measured by the measurement unit so as to reduce an arrangement error of the imprint material, discharged from the plurality of discharge outlets, on the substrate.

The present invention provides an imprint apparatus that forms a pattern of an imprint material on a substrate using a mold, the apparatus comprising: a supplier configured to supply the imprint material as a plurality of droplets onto the substrate; and a controller configured to control the supplier based on information indicating a target arrangement of the imprint material to be supplied as the plurality of droplets onto a predetermined region of the substrate, wherein the plurality of droplets in the target arrangement include a first droplet group including a plurality of first droplet arrays, a second droplet group including a plurality of second droplet arrays, and a third droplet array.

Disclosed is a process of adding PUF materials with non-repeatable random order to the additive manufacturing process of a product. Preferably, these materials have magnetic characteristics. These characteristics can be detected by a sensor which reads the random pattern and provides a unique signature for the item produced.