Various embodiments related to three dimensional printers, and reinforced filaments, and their methods of use are described. In one embodiment, a void free reinforced filament is fed into an conduit nozzle. The reinforced filament includes a core, which may be continuous or semi-continuous, and a matrix material surrounding the core. The reinforced filament is heated to a temperature greater than a melting temperature of the matrix material and less than a melting temperature of the core prior to drag the filament from the conduit nozzle.

A handheld portable electrostatic device for electrostatically applying a treatment solution to a treatment site of a patient, including a housing and a cartridge removably disposed in the housing. The cartridge includes a cartridge housing and a nozzle for applying the treatment solution. An electrostatic module is provided to electrostatically charge and ionize molecules of the treatment solution of the cartridge. The treatment solution is configured to flow toward the nozzle whereby at least one electrode electrically connected to the electrostatic module physically contacts the treatment solution as it flows therethrough and applies an electrical charge to the treatment solution.

An injection-molding method includes providing an extruding system configured to produce a mixture, a first discharging channel including a first outlet, a second discharging channel including a second outlet, and a molding device including a space and first and second feeding ports communicable with the space and respectively engageable with the first and second outlets; engaging the first outlet with the first feeding port; engaging the second outlet with the second feeding port; injecting the mixture through the first outlet and the first feeding port; and injecting the mixture through the second outlet and the second feeding port.

Control means performs control such that a head section 20 is caused to perform reciprocating scanning in one direction, a model material MA and a supporting material SA are ejected onto a shaping plate 40, and the model material MA and/or the supporting material SA are cured in at least any one of forward and backward paths of the reciprocating scanning, to form slices, and relative positions of the shaping plate 40 and the head section 20 are moved in a height direction to repeat lamination of the slices, thereby performing shaping, and on a line where the model material MA and the supporting material SA are located in a scanning direction of a shaped object, the model material MA and the supporting material SA are not simultaneously ejected during the same reciprocating scanning, but only one shaping material can be ejected and cured.

The compact resin molding machine is capable of efficiently performing a sequence of molding actions from feeding a work and resin to accommodating the molded work. The resin molding machine comprises: a work conveying mechanism including a robot, which has a robot hand for holding the work and which is capable of rotating and linearly moving; a work feeding section for feeding the work; a resin feeding section for feeding the resin; a press section including a molding die set, in which the work is resin-molded; a work accommodating section for accommodating the molded work; and a control section controlling the entire resin molding machine. The work feeding section, the resin feeding section, the press section and the work accommodating section are located to enclose a moving area of the robot of the work conveying mechanism.

A three dimensional printer which prints at using at least one composite material having an inherently abrasive filler or fiber material has a Mohs hardness greater than substantially 1, or a Knoop/Vickers hardness greater than substantially 300 kg/mm.sup.2, or a Rockwell C hardness at least C30, and where a nozzle tip may contact a top surface of a previously deposited line of material may have a nozzle body includes a material having a thermal conductivity at least 35 w/M-K to conduct heat to the nozzle, and a nozzle throat and/or nozzle tip each include a material having a Rockwell C hardness at least C40, to resist wear from sliding contact of the nozzle tip with the previously deposited lines of the material being printed or another previously deposited material, or from the material being printed as it is printed through the nozzle throat.

A runner for supplying resin to a cavity includes a sprue that is supplied resin from a nozzle of an injection molding machine, a first path formed in the runner, where the resin flows in the first path from the nozzle when the nozzle connects to the sprue, a first pin that moves to a first position to increase the size of the first path before the resin is supplied to the first path and moves to a second position to decrease the size of the first path before the nozzle separates from the sprue.

A dosage device for extruding a monocomponent or a bicomponent polymeric product, particularly for an automatic machine for forming a spacer frame, includes a first dosage assembly and a separate second dosage assembly for the dosage and feeding of the product, which can be activated, in a first feeding step and in a third feeding step, alternately so that one of them provides continuity of flow to an extrusion nozzle while the other one is in the reloading step. The first and second dosage assemblies are activated, in a second swapping step that is intermediate with respect to the first and third feeding steps, simultaneously and jointly, one of them having a flow-rate ramp that passes from the steady-state value to zero and the other one complementarily having a flow-rate ramp that passes from zero to the steady-state value.

An applicator is disclosed for applying a treatment solution to a treatment site of a patient. The applicator can include an applicator housing comprising a treatment solution reservoir. A cartridge can be removably disposed in the housing. The cartridge when arranged in the housing can be in fluid communication with the treatment solution reservoir. The cartridge can include an electrostatic module for electrostatically charging the treatment solution in the treatment solution reservoir; and a nozzle for applying the treatment solution.

An applicator is disclosed for applying a treatment solution to a treatment site of a patient. The applicator can include an applicator housing comprising a treatment solution reservoir. A cartridge can be removably disposed in the housing. The cartridge when arranged in the housing can be in fluid communication with the treatment solution reservoir. The cartridge can include an electrostatic module for electrostatically charging the treatment solution in the treatment solution reservoir; and a nozzle for applying the treatment solution.