An autonomous or semi-autonomous cell for inspecting composite parts, verifying repairs made to such parts, and facilitating repairs to composite parts. The cell employs automated inspection, damage assessment, and repair systems. An industrial robot automatically attaches to a set of interchangeable inspection and repair end effectors to carry out the inspection, verification, and repair processes. The cell can be equipped with fixtures for supporting a rotorcraft blade and rotating the blade within the cell so that the robot can access the entire blade. Processes are provided for performing inspections, tracking the inspection data for parts in a database, and carrying out repairs. Over time, a software applicant can use the inspection data to train a machine learning model for recognizing damage to the composite part based on inspection images.

A fiber-reinforced composite material includes a matrix resin, and reinforcing fibers, in which the matrix resin includes a polyaryl ketone resin and a resin having a nitrogen atom in a repeating structural unit. A surface of the fiber-reinforced composite material includes a portion in which a contact angle with water is 60° or less.

Riveted assemblies are provided that can include a substrate extending between two ends to define opposing substrate surfaces having a first opening extending between the opposing substrate surfaces; a metal-comprising substrate extending between two ends to define opposing metal-comprising substrate surfaces having a second opening extending between the opposing metal-comprising substrate surfaces. The riveted assemblies can further provide that the first and second openings complement one another when the substrate and metal-comprising substrate are engaged; and a rivet shaft extends through the openings and engages the substrate with the rivet head and the metal-comprising substrate with the rivet stop head, at least a portion of the stop head being mixed with, and forming a metallurgical bond with the metal-comprising substrate. Assemblies are provided that can include a rivet stop head mixed with, and metallurgically bonded with a metal-comprising substrate. Methods for affixing substrates to one another are also provided. The methods can include providing a substrate defining an opening configured to receive a rivet shaft; providing a metal-comprising substrate defining a complimentary opening; operatively engaging the substrates with the rivet shaft; and forming a stop head from the rivet shaft to affix the substrates. The method further includes that the stop head mixes with, and forms a metallurgical bond with the metal-comprising substrate. Methods for mixing materials to form a metallurgical bond are also provided. The methods can include forming a metallurgical bond between a stop head of a rivet and a metal-comprising substrate.

Both high air permeability and high peeling strength are achieved.

The above problem is solved by providing an underpants-type disposable diaper including a stretchable region (80) stretchable at least in one direction in an outer body (20), in which the stretchable region (80) is formed by stacking an elastic film (30) between a first sheet layer (20A) composed of a nonwoven fabric and a second sheet layer (20B) composed of a nonwoven fabric, and in a state in which the elastic film (30) is stretched in the stretching and contracting direction, the first sheet layer (20A) and the second sheet layer (20B) are joined via through holes (31) formed in the elastic film (30) at a large number of sheet bond portions (40) arranged at intervals in each of a stretching and contracting direction and a direction orthogonal thereto, and in the sheet bond portions (40), the first sheet layer (20A) and the second sheet layer (20B) are joined at least by a melted and solidified material (30m) of the elastic film (30) among the first sheet layer (20A) and the second sheet layer (20B).

Two workpieces 30, 40 are joined by means of ultrasound. First, a workpiece 30 with at least one energy direction sensor 31 and a second workpiece 40 are provided. The workpieces are brought into contact with each other in such a way that the energy direction sensor 31 comes into contact with a first surface 41 of the second workpiece 40. Ultrasonic vibrations are then introduced into one of the workpieces 40 via a working surface 11 of a sonotrode 10. A sonotrode 10 is used, which has a contour with contact lines 12 on the working surface 11. The sonotrode 10 is positioned with respect to the first workpiece 30 in such a way that the contact lines 12 run transversely to the energy direction generator 31.

Provided are a joining structure, a joining method, an exterior body for a wire harness, and a wire harness capable of firmly joining members having different physical properties while reducing the thickness of a joint part. The joining structure 10 joins a first member 1 made of a first resin and a second member 2 made of a second resin, wherein: the second resin has physical properties having a higher foaming ratio than the first resin; and a recessed joint part 3 is provided which reaches at least the inside of the first member 1 from the outer surface side of the second member in a state in which the first member 1 and the second member 2 are superimposed. Furthermore, a method for manufacturing the joining structure 10 comprises the steps of: superimposing a first member 1 made of a first resin and a second member 2 made of a second resin having physical properties having a higher foaming ratio than the first resin; and joining the first member 1 and the second member 2 by forming the recessed joint part 3 by pressing and hot-melting the second member 2 until the recessed joint part 3 reaches at least the inside of the first member 1 from the outer surface side of the second member 2.

An apparatus for quality assessment of a sealing section of a package for food products. The package includes at least a robustness layer and a plastic layer. The sealing section is formed by holding a first section and a second section of the package against each other while providing heat such that the plastic layer of the first and second section melt and the first and second section adhere to each other. The apparatus includes a sample holder arranged for fixating a sample including the sealing section of the package. At least part of the sample holder is transparent, a magnification device arranged on a first side of the sample holder, and an illumination device arranged on a second side of the sample holder. Light is provided to the magnification device through the sample holder The first and second side are opposite sides of the sample holder.

The invention provides a sonotrode (100) for welding a material, the sonotrode (100) comprising a welding section (110) configured for contacting the material, wherein the welding section (110) defines a rounded shape (111) in a cross-section parallel to a longitudinal axis (A) of the sonotrode (100), wherein the rounded shape (111) approximates a circular sector (20), wherein the circular sector (20) has a central angle α.sub.c selected from the range of 25°-300°, and wherein the circular sector (20) has a central radius r.sub.c selected from the range of 5-30 mm, and wherein the sonotrode (100) has a width W perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (A) [and to the cross-section], wherein W is selected from the range of 10-100 mm.

A laminate tube with an invisible longitudinal overlapped side seam formed from overlap welding an edge of one margin of a laminate sheet comprising an outer plastic layer (A), a barrier layer (B), and an inner plastic layer (C) of the same material type as the outer plastic layer (A) to the other edge of the opposite margin of the laminate sheet, such that an inner surface of the laminate tube has a hump in a overlapped region, while an outer surface of the laminate tube is smooth without a hump in the overlapped region; and a process for manufacturing the laminate tube by a laminate tube manufacturing machine. The laminate permits fracture-proof welding of longitudinal margins of said laminate to give a continuous tube which is suitable for manufacturing of high-quality plastic tubes, high-quality plastic bags and the like.

The present invention relates to a method for evaluating an assembly by welding of parts made of thermoplastic materials, to a test piece and its associated uses, to an installation for implementing this method and to the associated welding system.