The embodiment provides a heat-sealing apparatus and a method of accurately controlling heat sealing temperature by measuring the temperature using a heat-sealing apparatus which heat-seals a pair of heat seal materials by nipping them between a pair of heating bodies. The method of heat-sealing includes mounting a cover material on the surface of at least one of the heating bodies to be in contact with the heat seal material, attaching a minute temperature sensor to the surface of the cover material on the side to be in contact with the heat seal material, and controlling temperature of welding face by the temperature detected by the minute temperature sensor, and an apparatus therefor.

A fiber-reinforced composite material includes a matrix resin, and reinforcing fibers, in which the matrix resin includes a polyaryl ketone resin and a resin having a nitrogen atom in a repeating structural unit. A surface of the fiber-reinforced composite material includes a portion in which a contact angle with water is 60° or less.

A biopharmaceutical flow port, a biopharmaceutical liquid container assembly, and a method for manufacturing the biopharmaceutical flow port and the biopharmaceutical liquid container assembly are described. The biopharmaceutical flow port includes a hose barb coupled to an elliptic body. The hose barb includes a bore. The elliptic body includes a flow passage, a first edge, and a second edge. The flow passage is fluidly coupled to the bore. The first edge extends from the elliptic body away from the flow passage in a first direction and the second edge extends from the elliptic body away from the flow passage in a second direction opposite the first direction. The biopharmaceutical liquid container assembly includes a biopharmaceutical liquid container with an opening and the biopharmaceutical flow port coupled to the biopharmaceutical liquid container within the opening and in fluid communication with a volume of the biopharmaceutical liquid container.

A method of manufacturing a fluid-filled chamber with a tensile element includes manufacturing a tensile element and incorporating the tensile element into a chamber. A first material layer, a second material layer, and a spacing structure having a plurality of support portions and a plurality of gaps may be stacked. The material layers may be located on either side of the spacing structure or on one side of the spacing structure. A strand may be stitched through the gaps to join the material layers and to form the tensile element. The spacing structure may be removed, and the first material layer may be spaced from the second material layer such that segments of the strand extend between the material layers. The tensile element may then be secured to opposite interior surfaces of an outer barrier, and the outer barrier may be pressurized to place the strand in tension.

Riveted assemblies are provided that can include a substrate extending between two ends to define opposing substrate surfaces having a first opening extending between the opposing substrate surfaces; a metal-comprising substrate extending between two ends to define opposing metal-comprising substrate surfaces having a second opening extending between the opposing metal-comprising substrate surfaces. The riveted assemblies can further provide that the first and second openings complement one another when the substrate and metal-comprising substrate are engaged; and a rivet shaft extends through the openings and engages the substrate with the rivet head and the metal-comprising substrate with the rivet stop head, at least a portion of the stop head being mixed with, and forming a metallurgical bond with the metal-comprising substrate. Assemblies are provided that can include a rivet stop head mixed with, and metallurgically bonded with a metal-comprising substrate. Methods for affixing substrates to one another are also provided. The methods can include providing a substrate defining an opening configured to receive a rivet shaft; providing a metal-comprising substrate defining a complimentary opening; operatively engaging the substrates with the rivet shaft; and forming a stop head from the rivet shaft to affix the substrates. The method further includes that the stop head mixes with, and forms a metallurgical bond with the metal-comprising substrate. Methods for mixing materials to form a metallurgical bond are also provided. The methods can include forming a metallurgical bond between a stop head of a rivet and a metal-comprising substrate.

An exemplary air cushion inflation machine includes: a first terminal connected to a direct current input; a second terminal; a reference resistor powered by the direct current input; an op-amp; and a transistor. The first terminal of the op-amp is connected to a variable voltage source and the second terminal of the op-amp is connected to the reference resistor. The transistor has a base connected to an output of the op-amp, an emitter connected to the reference resistor, and a collector connected to a first terminal of a sealing band apparatus having first and second terminals. A meltable material placed between the first and second terminals is melted by resistance of current flowing between the first and second terminals. The variable voltage source changes voltage based on a voltage drop measured across the first and second terminals by a voltage measurement device and the constant current.

A method for joining two objects by anchoring an insert portion provided on one of the objects in an opening provided on the other one of the objects. The anchorage is achieved by liquefaction of a thermoplastic material and interpenetration of the liquefied material and a penetrable material, the two materials being arranged on opposite surfaces of the insert portion and the wall of the opening. Before such liquefaction and interpenetration, an interference fit is established in which such opposite surfaces are pressed against each other, and, for the anchoring, mechanical vibration energy and possibly a shearing force are applied, wherein the shearing force puts a shear stress on the interference fit.

A method for producing a component with a surface that is suitable for plastic welding or adhesive bonding of two parts is provided. As a preparation step prior to joining, a filler sheet comprising a thermoplastic material or adhesive is arranged on a first surface of a first component and a structuring tool is arranged on the filler sheet. Mechanical force is applied to the structuring tool and heat is applied to the filler sheet such that the filler sheet is attached to the first surface of the first component and such that the structuring tool is partially embedded in the filler sheet. The structuring tool is subsequently removed from the filler sheet to produce a plurality of protrusions in the outer surface of the filler sheet. After surface structuring the first and second components are joined using any type of welding technique or joined using of adhesive bonding.

To improve a method for ultrasonic welding of parts for vehicles and/or aircraft, a method in which an energy director made of non-woven fiber material is arranged between a first fiber composite part and a second fiber composite part to be joined together. A sonotrode is used to join/weld the parts together by pressing on the parts. The energy director is compliant such that a uniform even contact is generated between the first and second fiber composite parts during the welding process.

There is provided a method for producing a metal-resin composite which includes a resin member and a metal member having a roughened surface in at least a portion of the surface thereof, the resin member being joined so as to be in contact with at least a portion of the roughened surface. The method includes a step of joining the resin member and the metal member by melting the resin member with the frictional heat generated in the surface of the metal member on its side opposite to the resin member in a state where the metal member and the resin member are superposed. The method includes making adjustment so that when the roughened surface is measured at arbitrary five points by using a confocal microscope according to ISO 25178, the developed area ratio (Sdr) is 5 or more in terms of number-average value.