To provide laminated glass that can significantly reduce air bubbles remaining inside.

Laminated glass having a first glass substrate and a second glass substrate laminated to each other, which has a first interlayer disposed between the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate and being in contact with the first glass substrate, a second interlayer disposed between the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate and being in contact with the second glass substrate, first and second functional members disposed between the first interlayer and the second interlayer and being in contact with the first interlayer and the second interlayer, wherein the first and second functional members have a higher rigidity than the first and second interlayers, and the first and second functional members are spaced apart from each other by a distance d when the laminated glass is viewed in plan view, and said distance d is at least 15 mm.

To provide laminated glass that can significantly reduce air bubbles remaining inside.

Laminated glass having a first glass substrate and a second glass substrate laminated to each other, which has a first interlayer disposed between the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate and being in contact with the first glass substrate, a second interlayer disposed between the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate and being in contact with the second glass substrate, first and second functional members disposed between the first interlayer and the second interlayer and being in contact with the first interlayer and the second interlayer, wherein the first and second functional members have a higher rigidity than the first and second interlayers, and the first and second functional members are spaced apart from each other by a distance d when the laminated glass is viewed in plan view, and said distance d is at least 15 mm.

A composite pane includes first and second panes, a layer stack arranged therebetween including a first thermoplastic intermediate layer, a separating layer, an adhesive layer, a photopolymer layer having a holographic element, a carrier layer, and a second thermoplastic intermediate layer. The carrier layer contains polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, and/or cellulose triacetate and has a thickness of 20 μm to 100 μm. The carrier layer is arranged directly adjacent the photopolymer layer. The separating layer contains polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polyamide, polyvinyl chloride, and/or cellulose triacetate and has a thickness of 10 μm to 300 μm. The adhesive layer is arranged directly adjacent the photopolymer layer and the separating layer.

An anti-reflective film-attached transparent substrate includes: a transparent substrate including two main surfaces; and a diffusion layer and an anti-reflective film on one main surface of the transparent substrate, which are provided in this order. The anti-reflective film-attached transparent substrate satisfies (A) a luminous transmittance is 20% to 90%, (B) a transmission color b* value under a D65 light source is 5 or less, (C) a luminous reflectance (SCI Y) of an outermost layer of the anti-reflective film is 0.4% or less, (D) a sheet resistance of the anti-reflective film is 10.sup.4 Ω/square or more, (E) the anti-reflective film has a laminated structure in which at least two dielectric layers having different refractive indices are laminated, and (F) a Diffusion value is 0.2 or more and a diffused light brightness (SCE L*) is 4 or less.

An anti-reflective film-attached transparent substrate includes: a transparent substrate including two main surfaces; and a diffusion layer and an anti-reflective film on one main surface of the transparent substrate, which are provided in this order. The anti-reflective film-attached transparent substrate satisfies (A) a luminous transmittance is 20% to 90%, (B) a transmission color b* value under a D65 light source is 5 or less, (C) a luminous reflectance (SCI Y) of an outermost layer of the anti-reflective film is 0.4% or less, (D) a sheet resistance of the anti-reflective film is 10.sup.4 Ω/square or more, (E) the anti-reflective film has a laminated structure in which at least two dielectric layers having different refractive indices are laminated, and (F) a Diffusion value is 0.2 or more and a diffused light brightness (SCE L*) is 4 or less.

A laminated glass luminescent concentrator is provided which includes a solid medium having a plurality of fluorophores disposed therein. In some embodiments, the fluorophore is a low-toxicity quantum dot. In some embodiments, the fluorophore has significantly reduced self-absorption, which allows for unperturbed waveguiding of the photoluminescence over a long distance. Also disclosed are apparatuses for generating electricity from the laminated glass luminescent concentrator, and its combination with buildings and vehicles.

A laminated glass luminescent concentrator is provided which includes a solid medium having a plurality of fluorophores disposed therein. In some embodiments, the fluorophore is a low-toxicity quantum dot. In some embodiments, the fluorophore has significantly reduced self-absorption, which allows for unperturbed waveguiding of the photoluminescence over a long distance. Also disclosed are apparatuses for generating electricity from the laminated glass luminescent concentrator, and its combination with buildings and vehicles.

A glass processing apparatus can comprise a first suction device positioned to receive one or more of a first protective layer or a second protective layer. The glass processing apparatus can further comprise a diverting apparatus positioned to receive the first and second protective layer. The diverting apparatus may be movable to direct the first protective layer along a first travel path and the second protective layer along a second travel path. The glass processing apparatus can further comprise a first processing apparatus positioned to receive the first protective layer and produce a first processed product from the first protective layer. The glass processing apparatus can also comprise a second processing apparatus positioned to receive the second protective layer and produce a second processed product different than the first processed product, from the second protective layer. In some embodiments, methods for processing glass with a glass processing apparatus.

A glass processing apparatus can comprise a first suction device positioned to receive one or more of a first protective layer or a second protective layer. The glass processing apparatus can further comprise a diverting apparatus positioned to receive the first and second protective layer. The diverting apparatus may be movable to direct the first protective layer along a first travel path and the second protective layer along a second travel path. The glass processing apparatus can further comprise a first processing apparatus positioned to receive the first protective layer and produce a first processed product from the first protective layer. The glass processing apparatus can also comprise a second processing apparatus positioned to receive the second protective layer and produce a second processed product different than the first processed product, from the second protective layer. In some embodiments, methods for processing glass with a glass processing apparatus.

An interlayer structure having a cellulose ester layer for use in structural laminates is described herein. The cellulose ester layer provides rigidity and support to multilayer interlayers comprising an array of different layers. Due to the diverse properties of the cellulose ester layers, the present interlayers can be useful in producing structural laminates having high stiffness and which possess good optical clarity for a variety of applications, including outdoor structural applications.