A multi-layer and method of making the same are provided. The multi-layer, such as a sensor, can include a high strength glass overlay and a lamination layer on a substrate layer. The overlay can be less than 250 micrometers thick and have at least one tempered surface incorporating a surface compression layer of at least 5 micrometers deep and a surface compressive stress of at least 200 MPa. The overlay can exhibit a puncture factor of at least 3000 N/μm.sup.2 at B10 (10.sup.th percentile of the probability distribution of failure) in a multi-layer structure, an apparent thickness of less than 0.014 mm, and a pencil hardness greater than 6H. The method can include ion-exchange tempering at least one major surface of a glass sheet, light etching the major surface to remove flaws and laminating the glass sheet on the tempered and lightly etched major surface to a substrate layer.

Various embodiments for configuring LC cells, LC panels, and methods of manufacturing LC panels are provided, comprising: providing a first glass layer and a second glass layer; wherein the first glass layer has first and second surfaces and the second glass layer has first and second surfaces; and at least one of: surface polishing a surface of the first glass layer and second glass layer; and selectively positioning the first glass layer and second glass layer such that, after lamination, based on the positioning or polishing of the glass layers, the resulting LC panel is configured with uniform transmission.

A facade element includes a coloring transparent or semi-transparent first pane and a mechanically supporting transparent second pane firmly connected to one another by an intermediate layer. The first pane has a front surface arranged on the light incidence side and an opposite back surface, at least one surface of the front and back surfaces has at least one structured region, and at least one optical interference layer is arranged on the at least one surface for reflecting light within a predetermined wavelength range. The structured region has the following features: perpendicular to the plane of the first pane, a height profile comprising peaks and valleys, wherein an average height difference between the peaks and valleys is at least 2 μm, at least 50% of the structured region is composed of segments which are inclined with respect to the plane of the first pane (2).

Methods are provided for fabricating electrochromic devices that mitigate formation of short circuits under a top bus bar without predetermining where top bus bars will be applied on the device. Devices fabricated using such methods may be deactivated under the top bus bar, or may include active material under the top bus bar. Methods of fabricating devices with active material under a top bus bar include depositing a modified top bus bar, fabricating self-healing layers in the electrochromic device, and modifying a top transparent conductive layer of the device prior to applying bus bars.

Methods are provided for fabricating electrochromic devices that mitigate formation of short circuits under a top bus bar without predetermining where top bus bars will be applied on the device. Devices fabricated using such methods may be deactivated under the top bus bar, or may include active material under the top bus bar. Methods of fabricating devices with active material under a top bus bar include depositing a modified top bus bar, fabricating self-healing layers in the electrochromic device, and modifying a top transparent conductive layer of the device prior to applying bus bars.

A laminated glazing for a vehicle windscreen comprising first and second sheets of glazing material joined by a sheet of adhesive interlayer material is described. The laminated glazing has an outer facing surface and an inner facing surface comprising a first treated region that has been subjected to a roughening process such that before the roughening process the first treated region has a first surface roughness and after the roughening process the first treated region has a second surface roughness. The first treated region having the second surface roughness helps the laminated glazing break when subject to an impact on the outer facing surface. Use of a roughened region to reduce the time taken for a laminated glazing to break upon being impacted by an impactor is also described.

To provide a glass resin laminate of the present invention, in which the glass substrate and the resin layer containing a TFE polymer are strongly laminated, is hardly warped and is excellent in the electrical properties, a composite laminate further having a metal foil, and methods for producing them. A glass resin laminate comprising a glass substrate 10 having an uneven surface 12 with an arithmetic mean roughness of at least 5 nm, and a resin layer containing a tetrafluoroethylene polymer in contact with the uneven surface 12, wherein the uneven surface 12 has specific convex portions 21 and 22 which narrow at at least a part of the root portion as compared with the tip portion.

Some embodiments of present disclosure are directed to a micro-perforated glass or glass-ceramics laminate, comprising a first substrate laminated to a second substrate by a first polymer interlayer, wherein the first and the second substrates are independently selected from glass or glass-ceramics, and a plurality of micro-perforations, each of the plurality of micro-perforations extending through the first substrate, the first polymer interlayer, and the second substrate. Some embodiments are directed to methods of forming such micro-perforated glass or glass-ceramics laminates.

Certain aspects pertain to methods of fabricating an optical device on a substantially transparent substrate that include a pre-deposition operation that removes a width of lower conductor layer at a distance from the outer edge of the substrate to form a pad at the outer edge. The pad and any deposited layers of the optical device may be removed in a post edge deletion operation.

A walk-on laminated safety glass pane having an anti-slip surface is decribed. The laminated safety glass pane includes at least two glass panes, which are permanently bonded to each other using a polymeric layer.

A polymeric intermediate layer is applied to one surface of the laminated safety glass pane.

A glass pane having an anti-slip surface is applied to the polymeric intermediate layer.

An elastic polymeric gasket is inserted circumferentially in the edge region of the polymeric intermediate layer.

The laminated safety glass pane has a drilled hole and the drilled hole is sealed at subatmospheric pressure.