Functional layers do not have a good performance at lower temperatures. This limitation is overcoming by combining the functional layers with a resistive heating circuit. The heating circuit uses minimal power to maintain the glazing at or above the temperature required for acceptable operation.

Embodiments of this disclosure pertain to a laminate including a first substrate, an interlayer and a light responsive material disposed on the first substrate, and a second substrate disposed on the interlayer. The laminate may be complexly curved. The light responsive material may include any one or more of an electrochromic material, a photochromic material, a suspended particle material, a micro-blind material and a liquid crystal material. In one or more embodiments, the laminate comprises a display unit disposed between the first and second substrate. Methods for forming the laminate are also disclosed.

Discussed is a lighting apparatus having an organic light-emitting element configured as a transparent window and provided with an optical filter to prevent transmission of light when light having an intensity higher than a preset intensity is incident on the lighting apparatus so as to allow the lighting apparatus to be driven in a transparent mode, an opaque mode, and a lighting mode. The organic light-emitting element includes first and second electrodes and an organic emission layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode to emit light when a signal is applied thereto. The organic light-emitting element performs single-side emission or dual-side emission. The optical filter is formed of a photochromic material or an electrochromic material to make the lighting apparatus be opaque so as to adjust the transmissivity of light when the light having the intensity higher than the preset intensity is incident on the lighting apparatus.

A window pane includes a transmission control layer including a first glass sheet, a second glass sheet, and a liquid crystal material disposed between the first glass sheet and the second glass sheet. Each of the first glass sheet and the second glass sheet has a thickness of about 1 mm or less. A first panel is bonded to the first glass sheet of the transmission control layer. A second panel is bonded to the second glass sheet of the transmission control layer. The transmission control layer is disposed between the first panel and the second panel. The liquid crystal material is controllable to adjust a transmittance of the window pane.

An optical filter comprising a variable transmittance layer having a first spectrum in a dark state, and a second spectrum in a faded state; and a color balancing layer having a third spectrum; each of the first, second and third spectra comprising a visible portion; the first and third spectra combining to provide a dark state spectrum approximating a dark state target color, and the second and third spectra combining to provide a faded state spectrum approximating a faded state target color. The optical filter may further comprise a light attenuating layer. The optical filter may further comprise part of a laminated glass.

A window pane includes a transmission control layer including a first glass sheet, a second glass sheet, and a liquid crystal material disposed between the first glass sheet and the second glass sheet. Each of the first glass sheet and the second glass sheet has a thickness of about 1 mm or less. A first panel is bonded to the first glass sheet of the transmission control layer. A second panel is bonded to the second glass sheet of the transmission control layer. The transmission control layer is disposed between the first panel and the second panel. The liquid crystal material is controllable to adjust a transmittance of the window pane.

A window pane includes a transmission control layer including a first glass sheet, a second glass sheet, and a liquid crystal material disposed between the first glass sheet and the second glass sheet. Each of the first glass sheet and the second glass sheet has a thickness of about 1 mm or less. A first panel is bonded to the first glass sheet of the transmission control layer. A second panel is bonded to the second glass sheet of the transmission control layer. The transmission control layer is disposed between the first panel and the second panel. The liquid crystal material is controllable to adjust a transmittance of the window pane.

A optical filter comprising a variable transmittance layer having a first spectrum in a dark state, and a second spectrum in a faded state; and a color balancing layer having a third spectrum; each of the first, second and third spectra comprising a visible portion; the first and third spectra combining to provide a dark state spectrum approximating a dark state target color; and the second and third spectra combining to provide a fades state spectrum approximating a faded state target color. The optical filter may further comprise a light attenuating layer. The optical filter may further comprise part of a laminated glass.

A multi-pane window having a low emissivity layer and a photochromic glass. The window includes at least two panes of glass. An outside pane for interaction with the outdoors and an inside pane spaced apart from the outside pane. The outside pane includes a low emissivity coating. The inside pane includes a photochromic glass. The outside pane transmits solar light wavelengths. The photochromic glass is darkened upon exposure to light transmitted by the outside pane.

A glass assembly includes a first glass layer including a first surface facing an exterior of a vehicle and a second surface opposite to the first surface; a second glass layer including a third surface and a fourth surface opposite to the third surface, the fourth surface facing an interior of the vehicle, and a light-adjusting layer between the first glass layer and the second glass layer, wherein the glass assembly further includes a light-emitting structure on the third surface or the fourth surface of the second glass layer, and wherein the second glass layer is used for reflecting incident light emitted by a light source and emitting the light into the interior of the vehicle through the light-emitting structure.