Polymer interlayers having improved gradient bands and laminates comprising these interlayers are disclosed. The polymer interlayers and laminates comprising polymer interlayers have a gradient band that has a high level of gradient beauty from the perspective of visible light transmittance spectra.

Provided is an interlayer film for laminated glass capable of enhancing the sound insulating property and the interlayer adhesive force in an interlayer film having increased transparency. An interlayer film for laminated glass according to the present invention is an interlayer film for laminated glass having a one-layer or two or more-layer structure, the interlayer film includes a first layer containing a vinyl monomer polymer, the vinyl monomer polymer is a polymer of a polymerizable composition containing a monomer having a functional group having hydrogen bondability, and a laminated glass in which the interlayer film for laminated glass is arranged between two sheets of float glass having a thickness of 2.0 mm, a length of 30 mm and a width of 2.5 cm in conformity with JIS R3202 has a haze, measured in conformity with JIS K6714 by using a haze meter, of 0.5% or less.

The invention relates to a connection arrangement for an electrically conductive contact between at least one electrical conductor (17) provided on a screen (16), in particular for a motor vehicle, and an electrical coupling element (18), wherein at least one contact point (20) between the coupling element (18) and the electrical conductor (17) is provided on a coupling point (15) for the at least one electrical conductor (17) and wherein the electrical coupling element (18) and the electrical conductor (17) are connected to each other by means of an electrically conductive compound (19), and wherein the at least one contact point (20) of the coupling point (15) is at least partially surrounded by a casting compound (24), and a method for producing such a connection arrangement (10).

To provide laminated glass that can significantly reduce air bubbles remaining inside.

Laminated glass having a first glass substrate and a second glass substrate laminated to each other, which has a first interlayer disposed between the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate and being in contact with the first glass substrate, a second interlayer disposed between the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate and being in contact with the second glass substrate, first and second functional members disposed between the first interlayer and the second interlayer and being in contact with the first interlayer and the second interlayer, wherein the first and second functional members have a higher rigidity than the first and second interlayers, and the first and second functional members are spaced apart from each other by a distance d when the laminated glass is viewed in plan view, and said distance d is at least 15 mm.

An optical element is provided which comprises a plurality of fluorophores disposed in a medium. The fluorophores have a quantum yield greater than 50% and an absorption spectrum with a maximum intensity at wavelengths less than 400 nm, and emit a spectrum of light having a maximum intensity at wavelengths within the range of 400 nm to 1200 nm. The optical element is at least partially transparent over the visible region of the spectrum. The optical element is especially useful as a window or other optical component of a greenhouse structure.

A method for electrically controlling at least one functional element having electrically controllable optical properties, wherein the optical properties are controlled by a control unit, wherein the control unit is connected to at least two transparent flat electrodes of the functional element, and an electrical voltage is applied between the flat electrodes by the control unit, wherein the electrical voltage has a periodic signal profile with a first, variably adjustable frequency and the glazing unit is surrounded by light beams of a second frequency, and wherein the light beams are sensed by a sensor unit and the first frequency is changed as a function of the second frequency, wherein the first frequency is synchronized with the second frequency.

A projection arrangement for a head-up display (HUD), includes a composite pane, which includes an outer pane and an inner pane joined to one another via a thermoplastic intermediate layer and has an HUD region; an electrically conductive coating on the surface of the outer pane or the inner pane facing the intermediate layer or within the intermediate layer; and an HUD projector, which is directed at the HUD region; wherein the radiation of the projector is p-polarised, wherein the electrically conductive coating includes a first dielectric layer or layer sequence, a first electrically conductive layer, a second dielectric layer or layer sequence, a second electrically conductive layer, a third dielectric layer or layer sequence, a third electrically conductive layer, a fourth dielectric layer or layer sequence, a fourth electrically conductive layer, and a fifth dielectric layer or layer sequence.

A vehicle window with an anisotropic light sensor, has a first glass layer and a second glass layer, wherein an arrangement of light-sensitive elements is arranged, substantially parallel to the first glass layer, between the first glass layer and the second glass layer, wherein the pane furthermore has an aperture such that light can shine through the second glass layer and the aperture onto at least one of the light-sensitive elements, wherein, depending on the direction of incident light, the sensor provides a signal that is indicative of the direction, wherein the arrangement of light-sensitive elements has a camera chip and wherein the arrangement of light-sensitive elements is arranged on a flexible film.

An interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention comprises at least an absorption region in which a skin absorption energy rate (X1) of a laminated glass is 25% or less, provided that the laminated glass is produced using two clear glass plates having a solar transmittance of 87.3% based on JIS R 3106.

An electronic device (e.g., a diode) is provided that includes a substrate and a patterned layer of superconducting material disposed over the substrate. The patterned layer forms a first electrode, a second electrode, and a loop coupling the first electrode with the second electrode by a first channel and a second channel. The first channel and the second channel have different minimum widths. For a range of current magnitudes, when a magnetic field is applied to the patterned layer of superconducting material, the conductance from the first electrode to the second electrode is greater than the conductance from the second electrode to the first electrode.