A method of detecting defects in a composite layup includes capturing, using an infrared camera, reference images of a reference layup being laid up by a reference layup head. The method also includes manually reviewing the reference images for defects, and generating reference defect masks indicating defects in the reference images. The method further includes training, using the reference images and reference defect masks, a neural network, creating a machine learning model that, given a production image as input, outputs a production defect mask indicating the defect location and the defect type of each defect. The method also includes capturing, using an infrared camera, production images of a production layup being laid up by the production layup head, and applying the model to the production images to automatically generate a production defect masks indicating each defect in the production images.

A release film of a protective module for manufacturing a display device, includes a film layer including a first surface facing a protective panel which is attachable to a display panel of the display device, and a second surface opposite to the first surface; an embossed pattern layer protruding from the second surface of the film layer; and the embossed pattern layer including a plurality of intaglio portions arranged along the film layer.

A fiber reinforced resin hollow molded body 30 in which a resin-integrated fiber sheet is used. The resin-integrated fiber sheet includes unidirectional continuous fibers that are spread fibers of a continuous fiber group and arrayed unidirectionally in parallel, and thermoplastic resin that is present at least on a surface of the unidirectional continuous fibers. In the hollow molded body, in a state where the resin-integrated fiber sheet or a plurality of the resin-integrated fiber sheets 30 are stacked, the resin-integrated fiber sheet or the plurality of resin-integrated fiber sheets are wound to produce a wound body having an overlapping portion. The thermoplastic resin is impregnated in the unidirectional continuous fibers. The resin-integrated fiber sheet or the plurality of resin-integrated fiber sheets are consolidated.

A flexible coupling for transmitting torque between parts of a transmission shaft system comprises a tubular section of continuous-fibre-reinforced composite material which has been modified to form a living hinge section with reduced bending stiffness to allow flexion of the tubular section. The tubular section may be modified through the provision of a pattern of formations within the living hinge section. The formations may be in the form of apertures and/or recesses in the continuous-fibre-reinforced composite material to create a plurality of living hinges in the material between, in particular slots and/or grooves.

A fluid-filled chamber is provided and includes a first barrier layer, a second barrier layer, a foam structure, and a tensile member. The second barrier layer is secured to the first barrier layer to define an interior void between the first barrier layer and the second barrier layer. The interior void contains a predetermined volume of fluid. The foam structure and the tensile member are disposed within the interior void, whereby the tensile member includes a plurality of fibers extending in a first direction between the first barrier layer and the second barrier layer.

A multilayer protective covering can protect a surface from lightning strikes. The covering includes a bottom conductive layer affixed to the surface and having a first opening that is aligned with a grounding connection so that the grounding connection is exposed through first opening and not in contact with the bottom conductive layer. The covering also includes a dielectric layer affixed to the bottom conductive layer and having second opening aligned with the grounding connection so that the grounding connection is exposed through second opening and not in contact with the dielectric layer. The covering additionally includes a top conductive layer affixed to the dielectric layer and covering the grounding connection. The top conductive layer directs electrical current from a lightning strike on the surface to the grounding connection.

Square symmetric composite laminate structures, and sub-modules thereof, are provided, along with methods of forming the same. The square symmetric laminate structures include two or more sub-laminate modules, each comprising: a first ply set consisting of a first ply layer oriented at a first angle and a second ply layer oriented at a second angle, a first sum of the first and second angles being ninety degrees; and a second ply set consisting of a third ply layer oriented at a third angle and a fourth ply layer oriented at a fourth angle, a second sum of the third and fourth angles being ninety degrees; wherein the second ply layer is positioned adjacent the third ply layer and the second and third ply layers are both positioned intermediate the first and fourth ply layers, thereby defining a double-double helix arrangement of the respective ply layers. Associated methods are also provided.

A label including a first strip including a first end and a second end opposite the first end. The first strip includes an opaque material. The first strip further includes a first area proximate the first end. The first area includes a first length along a longitudinal axis common to the first strip. The label also includes a second strip including a third end and a fourth end opposite the third end, wherein the second strip includes a transparent material. The second strip is laminated over the first strip such that the third end is disposed outside the first area. The fourth end extends beyond the second end a distance at least equal to the first length.

A 3D printer successively fuses sheet material in a stack to form a three-dimensional object. The sheet material may provide a mesh separating islands of material that will be fused to produce the desired three-dimensional object. The mesh provides support for the island material during the fusing process and may be removed afterwards.

The present disclosure relates to a shaft for athletic activities comprising, along at least a part of the length of the shaft: an internal wall (31) made of a first fiber-reinforced composite; and an external wall (30), fixed to the internal wall, and made of a second fiber-reinforced composite, wherein one or more cavities (32A, 32B, 32C) are present between the internal wall and the external wall.