Described herein are bioprinters comprising: one or more printer heads, wherein a printer head comprises a means for receiving and holding at least one cartridge, and wherein said cartridge comprises contents selected from one or more of: bio-ink and support material; a means for calibrating the position of at least one cartridge; and a means for dispensing the contents of at least one cartridge. Further described herein are methods for fabricating a tissue construct, comprising: a computer module receiving input of a visual representation of a desired tissue construct; a computer module generating a series of commands, wherein the commands are based on the visual representation and are readable by a bioprinter; a computer module providing the series of commands to a bioprinter; and the bioprinter depositing bio-ink and support material according to the commands to form a construct with a defined geometry.

A printhead maintenance system includes: an inkjet printhead; a carriage movable longitudinally along the printhead in a cleaning direction, the carriage having a maintenance member including: a fluid bath having a mouth opposing the nozzle face of the printhead, a primary fluid inlet at an upstream end of the fluid bath relative to the cleaning direction, a suction nozzle at a downstream end of the fluid bath relative to the cleaning direction and a pair of wipers flanking the fluid bath; and a traversing mechanism for traversing the carriage along the printhead. The maintenance member does not contact inkjet nozzles of the printhead; the wipers each comprise a wiper material for contacting respective parts of the printhead flanking a nozzle face; and the wiper material is air-permeable such that, in use, suction of air through the wiper material into the fluid bath generates a foam in the fluid bath.

Described herein are bioprinters comprising: one or more printer heads, wherein a printer head comprises a means for receiving and holding at least one cartridge, and wherein said cartridge comprises contents selected from one or more of: bio-ink and support material; a means for calibrating the position of at least one cartridge; and a means for dispensing the contents of at least one cartridge. Further described herein are methods for fabricating a tissue construct, comprising: a computer module receiving input of a visual representation of a desired tissue construct; a computer module generating a series of commands, wherein the commands are based on the visual representation and are readable by a bioprinter; a computer module providing the series of commands to a bioprinter; and the bioprinter depositing bio-ink and support material according to the commands to form a construct with a defined geometry.

A highly reliable multilayer structure element substrate according to an embodiment of this present invention comprises: an electrothermal transducer; a temperature detection element formed at a position where the temperature detection element at least partially overlaps the electrothermal transducer in a planar view of the element substrate; and a plurality of wirings connected to the temperature detection element, wherein the temperature detection element can detect temperatures in a plurality of regions when a plurality of different wirings out of the plurality of wirings are selected.

A liquid ejection head includes a print element substrate having an ejection port surface in which a plurality of ejection ports are arranged and a temperature control unit that controls a temperature of the ejection port surface. The print element substrate ejects a liquid from the plurality of ejection ports onto a medium moved by the liquid ejection head relatively to the liquid ejection head. The ejection port surface includes a region on a downstream side of the ejection port surface in a direction in which the medium relatively moves when the medium is viewed from the liquid ejection head, and includes a region on an upstream side of the ejection port surface in the relative moving direction. The temperature control unit control the temperature of the ejection port surface so that a temperature of the downstream side region becomes higher than a temperature of the upstream side region.

An example provides a fluid ejection apparatus including a fluid feed slot to supply a fluid to a plurality of drop ejectors, a first rib at a first side of the fluid feed slot and supporting drop ejection circuitry to control ejection of drops of the fluid from the plurality of drop ejectors, and a second rib at a second side, opposite the first side, of the fluid feed slot supporting a thermal sensor to facilitate determination of a temperature of the first rib and the second rib.

Systems and method of maintaining a uniform temperature distribution in an inkjet head. The inkjet head includes a plurality of ink channels that jet droplets of a liquid material onto a medium using piezoelectric actuators. A temperature controller includes a non-jetting pulse generator that provides non-jetting pulses to one or more of the piezoelectric actuators to generate heat. The non-jetting pulses cause the piezoelectric actuators to actuate without jetting a droplet from its corresponding ink channel.

A liquid discharging apparatus includes a head unit which includes a discharge unit which discharges a liquid, a controller which controls discharging of the liquid, a plurality of first signal lines which connect the controller to the head unit, and at least one second signal line which connects the controller to the head unit, in which, the controller transmits the differential signal to the head unit via the first signal lines, and in which the head unit transmits the state signal in analog format to the controller via the second signal line.

[Object] To appropriately warm ink.

[Solving Means] An inkjet printer 1 includes an inkjet head 3 and an ink warming mechanism 12. The ink warming mechanism 12 includes a warming part main body 21; an ink flow path 21a formed inside the warming part main body 21; a heater 22 that is attached to the warming part main body 21 and heats the warming part main body 21; a warming part temperature sensor 23 that is attached to the warming part main body 21 and detects a temperature of the warming part main body 21; and a heater controller 4 that controls the heater 22. The heater controller 24 controls the heater 22 based on the detection result of the warming part temperature sensor 23 so that the temperature of the warming part main body 21 becomes a predetermined reference temperature.

A print apparatus is disclosed. The print apparatus comprises a plurality of printing elements; and a temperature control unit, controllable by processing circuitry, to increase an operating temperature of a first printing element in the plurality of printing elements by a defined amount relative to an operating temperature of a second printing element in the plurality of printing elements. A method and a machine-readable medium are also disclosed.