An electromagnetic induction hub includes a first disc having a first magnet, a second disc having a second magnet, a coil disc formed between the first disc and the second disc, a bearing penetrates the first disc, the second disc and the coil disc.

A method of inspection or maintenance of a curved ferromagnetic surface using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) having a releasable crawler is provided. The method includes: flying the UAV from an initial position to a pre-perching position in a vicinity of the ferromagnetic surface; autonomously perching the UAV on the ferromagnetic surface; maintaining magnetic attachment of the perched UAV to the ferromagnetic surface; releasing the crawler from the magnetically attached UAV onto the ferromagnetic surface; moving the crawler over the curved ferromagnetic surface while maintaining magnetic attachment of the released crawler to the ferromagnetic surface; inspecting or maintaining the ferromagnetic surface using the magnetically attached crawler; and re-docking the released crawler with the perched UAV.

A magnetic crawler configured to navigate on and inspect a ferromagnetic cylindrical surface is provided. The crawler includes a chassis, a controller configured to control the crawler, a probe configured to inspect the cylindrical surface under the control of the controller, and only three articulated magnetic wheels configured to tangentially contact and magnetically adhere to the cylindrical surface. The wheels include two drive wheels respectively coupled to the chassis by two articulation joints and configured to drive the crawler in a desired direction on the cylindrical surface by actively rotating the two drive wheels independently about respective drive axes of rotation by respective drive motors under the control of the controller; and a rear wheel coupled to the chassis by a rear articulation joint and configured to passively rotate about a rear drive axis of rotation in response to the active rotations of the two drive wheels.

Inspection robots with swappable drive modules are described. An example inspect robot may include a first removeable interface plate on the side of a robot chassis. The first removable interface plate may couple a first drive module to an electronic board, within the chassis, where the electronic board includes a drive module interface circuit communicatively coupled to the first drive module. The example inspect robot may also include a second removeable interface plate on a side of a robot chassis. The second removable interface plate may couple a second drive module to an electronic board, within the chassis, where the electronic board includes a drive module interface circuit communicatively coupled to the second drive module.

A vehicle may include a chassis, at least one wheel rotatably coupled to the chassis, and a magnet positioning inside of the at least one wheel. The magnet may be rotatably coupled to the wheel with a first shaft, such that the magnet is rotatable about a first axis. In some instances, the magnet may also be coupled to the first shaft with a second shaft, such that the magnet is rotatable relative to the wheel about a second axis. Accordingly, the magnet may have either one or two degrees of freedom of movement within the at least one wheel. The magnet may rotate passively, actively, or semi-actively in one or more directions to provide an attractive force toward a ferromagnetic surface to secure the vehicle to the ferromagnetic surface.

Inspection robots and methods for inspection of curved surfaces with sensors at selected horizontal distances are described. An example of such an inspection robot includes a housing; a drive module with a wheel and a motor operatively linked to the housing, a plurality of sensor sleds, and a payload. The payload, which is coupled to the housing, may include a first and a second rail component, each with at least one connector, where the rail components are connectable at a first selected position of a plurality of discrete engagement positions. Each of the rail components may be structured to support at least one of the plurality of sleds where each of the plurality of sleds is coupled to the payload at a respective selected horizontal position such that the plurality of sleds are at selected horizontal distances from each other.

In accordance with one aspect of the present disclosure, a wheel end apparatus for a vehicle is provided that includes a wheel hub assembly configured to be mounted to a spindle and a wheel hub of the wheel hub assembly. The wheel end apparatus includes a coil of wire and at least one magnet of the wheel hub assembly configured to move relative to one another with rotation of the wheel hub around the spindle. The wheel end apparatus includes a wheel end device operably coupled to the coil of wire to receive electrical power generated by relative movement of the coil of wire and the at least one magnet. Further, the wheel end apparatus includes communication circuitry operably coupled to the wheel end device and configured to wirelessly communicate wheel end device information with a wheel end monitoring device.

Inspection robots with configurable interface plates are described. An example inspection robot may have a housing with at least three removable interface plates, each removable interface plate having a coupling interface for an electronic component on a first side, and coupled to at least one of a plurality of electronic boards on a second side. The example inspection robot may further include a drive module configured to couple to at least one of the removable interface plates, and a payload configured to couple to at least one of the removable interface plates. The example inspection robot may further include a means for operating the inspection robot in response to the drive module coupled to one of the removable interface plates, and the payload coupled to any other one of the removable interface plates.

A magnetic wheel includes: a balance block; a magnetic body which is provided in the balance block and attaches the balance block to an attachment object with a magnetic force; and a magnetic shielding block which is provided in the balance block and guides a magnetic field generated in the magnetic body toward the attachment object.

A levitating bicycle hub coupling structure using a magnet in the internal contact structure is provided. The levitating bicycle hub coupling structure in which a non-contact type structure in a levitated form is provided to reduce friction enables the position of a hub inner shaft member for transmitting the load of a user to an inner bearing part to be changed to an upper or lower preset position, and fixes the shaft member at a changed position so as to offset the load applied to the shaft member by the repulsive force of the magnets, such that the load is not applied to the bearing parts positioned at both sides of the shaft member or is significantly reduced so as to improve rolling performance, and thus riding of the bicycle becomes smoother and easier.