A method for manufacturing a hollow spring member having a hollow steel spring rod having terminal sealed portions at both ends thereof. Each terminal sealed portion has a rotationally symmetric shape in which an axis passing through a center of the spring rod is an axis of symmetry. Each terminal sealed portion has an end wall portion including an end face; an arc-shaped smoothly curved surface between an outer peripheral surface of the spring rod and the end face, and a hermetically closed distal-end-center closure portion on the axis passing through the center of the spring rod. The method includes forming each of the end portions of the spring rod by forming a chamfered portion on an inner or outer peripheral side of the end portion of a hollow wire, the end portion having an opening portion at a distal end, heating the end portion of the hollow wire having the chamfered portion, and spinning the heated end portion to be gathered toward the axis from the outer peripheral side by a jig. The end wall portion, which includes the distal-end-center closure portion, is formed by the distal end of the end portion being joined together on the axis.

A suspension strut including an air spring unit and a damper unit that are aligned on a common axis is disclosed. The air spring unit includes a rolling tube having a flared terminal end that extends over a damper tube associated with the damper unit. The damper tube has a circumferential groove formed in an outer diameter of the damper tube. A retaining ring has a greater outer diameter than the outer diameter of the damper tube and is positioned in the circumferential groove. A base has an inner diameter less than the outer diameter of the retaining ring, and an outer diameter smaller than the predetermined diameter of the flared free end, and is supported on the retaining ring. A torsion element fits around the damper tube and within the flared free end.

There is provided an end plate that includes a through hole that causes an outer wall portion and an inner wall portion to communicate with each other, into which an intruding portion provided in a wheel-side member can intrude, a first press-formed portion formed by depressing in a peripheral edge of the through hole in the inner wall portion. The end plate includes a second press-formed portion arranged in a part of a peripheral edge on the side of a peripheral end of the inner wall portion, which is a remnant of a portion where the first press-formed portion is arranged in the inner wall portion, and formed therein with a protruding portion by protruding a part of the peripheral edge, and a screw hole formed by penetrating through the protruding portion in the second press-formed portion between the outer wall portion and the inner wall portion.

A method for manufacturing a hollow spring member having a hollow steel spring rod having terminal sealed portions at both ends thereof. Each terminal sealed portion has a rotationally symmetric shape in which an axis passing through a center of the spring rod is an axis of symmetry. Each terminal sealed portion has an end wall portion including an end face; an arc-shaped smoothly curved surface between an outer peripheral surface of the spring rod and the end face, and a hermetically closed distal-end-center closure portion on the axis passing through the center of the spring rod. The method includes forming each of the end portions of the spring rod by forming a chamfered portion on an inner or outer peripheral side of the end portion of a hollow wire, the end portion having an opening portion at a distal end, heating the end portion of the hollow wire having the chamfered portion, and spinning the heated end portion to be gathered toward the axis from the outer peripheral side by a jig. The end wall portion, which includes the distal-end-center closure portion, is formed by the distal end of the end portion being joined together on the axis.

An autonomous vehicle and a suspension for the autonomous vehicle are provided. The suspension may include first and second support legs pivotally coupled to a body of the autonomous vehicle at respective pivot points, and extending in opposing directions to contact a surface upon which the autonomous vehicle moves. A biasing element biases the support legs towards the surface. A coupler couples the support legs to cause pivotal movement of one of the support legs to be mirrored in the other support leg. The coupler may cause the support legs to maintain a centerline, which extends equidistantly between the pivot points and through a sensor mounted to an underside of the body, perpendicular to the surface as the support legs pivot during movement of the autonomous vehicle.

Disclosed herein is a manifold comprising a first check valve to meter fluid flow between a first chamber, a second chamber, and a third chamber. The first check valve meters fluid flow between one or more of the first chamber and the third chamber and the second chamber and the first chamber. A second check valve meters fluid flow between the second chamber, the third chamber, and a fourth chamber. The second check valve meters fluid flow between one or more of the fourth chamber and the third chamber and the second chamber and the fourth chamber.

Disclosed herein is an accumulator comprising a cylinder, and an internal floating piston. The internal floating piston divides the cylinder into a spring chamber and a gas chamber, and the spring chamber allows fluid to flow. The accumulator further comprises a negative spring disposed in the spring chamber.

The present invention provides a method for manufacturing a torsion beam, the method comprising: a planarization step, in which a protruding portion of an upper mold presses the opposite end portions in the width direction of the blank to be plastically deformed to be flat while the opposite end portions in the width direction of the blank are supported by a side cam to face each other; a welding and bonding step for bonding the planarized opposite end portions in the width direction of the blank via welding; and a quenching step for heating the welded and bonded blank within a range of 900 to 970° C. for a retaining time within a range of 1 to 20 minutes and for cooling down the blank in a treatment liquid including at least one of water and oil in a range of 20 to 90° C.

The present application relates to a technical field of a balancing scooter, particularly discloses an auxiliary riding device, a balancing scooter and an auxiliary riding method for the balancing scooter. The auxiliary riding device includes a mounting base, a stop block, a braking mechanism and an auxiliary mechanism; the auxiliary mechanism includes a swinging arm rotatably connected to the mounting base and an auxiliary member connected to the swinging arm; the swinging arm has a released state and a contraction state; the stop block has a locked state engaged with the swinging arm and an unlocked state separated from the swinging arm.

A high speed actuation system for protracting and retracting a retractable wheel and/or track drive assembly of an amphibian includes an actuator, at least one retractable wheel and/or track drive assembly comprising at least one wheel and/or track drive supported directly or indirectly by a suspension assembly and movable between a protracted and retracted positions, an energy source for providing power to the actuator, and a controller that controls in amount the power provided by the energy source to the actuator such that the time of actuation to retract the at least one retractable wheel and/or track drive assembly from a protracted position to a retracted position, or to protract the at least one retractable wheel and/or track drive assembly from a retracted position to a protracted position, is less than 5 seconds.