An independent steering system includes a knuckle fastened to inside of a wheel and driven integrally with the wheel, an upper arm fastened to an upper end portion of the knuckle, a lower arm fastened to a lower end portion of the knuckle, a steering motor positioned on the lower arm, and a steering gear portion having a first end portion connected to the steering motor and a second end portion engaged to the knuckle, wherein the steering gear portion rotates integrally with the knuckle by a rotation force of the steering motor.

A coupling structure of suspension may include an assist knuckle, a RevoKnuckle rotatably engaged with the assist knuckle, rotated independently from the assist knuckle, and performing steering of a wheel located at an outermost periphery, a steering input portion fixed to a vehicle body and applying a steering force to the RevoKnuckle during steering, a rotation transfer unit located between and coupled between the RevoKnuckle and the steering input portion and absorbing angular displacement formed between the steering input portion and the RevoKnuckle, a first link unit having one end located on one side surface of the assist knuckle and the other end located at a lower end of the RevoKnuckle, and a second link unit having one end located on the other side surface of the assist knuckle and the other end located adjacent to the other end of the first link unit at the lower end of the RevoKnuckle.

A shock absorber includes a cylindrically-shaped mounting member having an outer peripheral surface bonded at one end or both ends, the mounting member having an outer diameter at an end surface side smaller than an outer diameter at a center portion, and a reinforcement welding performed at the end surface side of the mounting member at a bonding portion of the mounting member.

In a double-wishbone type front suspension structure, upper and lower arms are pivotally supported at a vehicle-body side via front-and-rear pivotal portions, axial lines of resilient bushes of the front and rear pivotal portions of the arms extend in a longitudinal direction, a knuckle-side pivotal portion of the upper arm is positioned in back of a knuckle-side pivotal portion of the lower arm, and a lower end portion of a damper unit provided between a vehicle body and the lower arm is connected to the lower arm such that the damper unit is positioned perpendicularly to the axial lines of the lower arm in a side view and an upper end portion is pivotally supported at the vehicle body via a rotational axis extending in the longitudinal direction.

In a rear suspension device of an automotive vehicle, a shock absorber is provided perpendicularly to a H-shaped lower arm in a side view, respective axis of resilient bushes of pivotal portions which pivotally support upper and lower arms at a vehicle-body side are configured to be parallel to a standard line which extends in a vehicle longitudinal direction in a plan view, and an imaginary axial line which interconnects respective centers of front and rear connection portions, via which the lower arm is connected to a wheel side, is configured to extend obliquely forward and inward relatively to the vehicle longitudinal direction.

A suspension system for a wheel of a vehicle including: a wheel interface having a wheel interface axis which is an axis about which a wheel rotates when connected to the wheel interface; a first arm connected to the wheel interface and rotatable with respect to the wheel interface about a first axis that is substantially parallel to the wheel interface axis; and a second arm connected to the wheel interface and rotatable with respect to the wheel interface about a second axis that is substantially parallel to the wheel interface axis; and a damping and springing means disposed within a gap formed between the first arm and the second arm, the damping and springing means are connected at one of its ends to at least one of the first arm, the second arm and the wheel interface; wherein at least a portion of the suspension system is to be disposed within a rim of a wheel.

Disclosed is a corner module apparatus for a vehicle. The corner module includes a knuckle coupled to a wheel bearing rotatably supporting a wheel, a drive motor, configured to generate a drive power, spaced a distance away from the wheel, a transfer shaft, disposed between the wheel and the drive motor, configured to transfer the drive power generated from the drive motor, a suspension connected to the knuckle and configured to absorb shock transferred from a road surface, and a steering system configured to support the drive motor and the suspension and to adjust a steering wheel of the wheel.

A rod-end front suspension is provided for an off-road vehicle. The rod-end front suspension comprises a spindle assembly that is pivotally coupled with an upper suspension arm by way of a first rod-end joint and pivotally coupled with a lower suspension arm by way of a second rod-end joint. A steering rod-end joint coupled with the spindle assembly pivotally receives a steering rod. An axle assembly coupled with the spindle assembly conducts torque from a transaxle to a wheel coupled with the spindle assembly. Each of the first and second rod-end joints comprises a ball rotatably retained within a casing. The ball is fastened within a recess between parallel prongs extending from the spindle assembly. A threaded shank extending from the casing is threadably fixated with the suspension arm, such that the spindle assembly may be moved with respect to the casing and the suspension arm.

A front suspension lift kit for a golf cart includes first and second beams mountable to a frame of the golf cart. A first strut is mountable to the frame of the golf cart and a distal end portion of the first beam such that the first strut extends between the frame of the golf cart and the first beam. A second strut is mountable to the frame of the golf cart and a distal portion of the second beam such that the second strut extends between the frame of the golf cart and the second beam. A support bracket is mountable to the first and second beams at the distal end portions of the first and second beams. The lift kit also includes a swing arm, a spindle bracket, and a coil-over shock.

A coilover shock absorber includes a damper element and a coil spring, where the coilover shock absorber includes a first mount for the damper element and a second mount for the damper element, and where the coilover shock absorber includes a first seat for the coil spring and a second seat for the coil spring, where the first mount for the damper element is operatively separate from the first seat for the coil spring, where the second mount for the damper element is operatively separate from the second seat for the coil spring. The resulting inverted coilover shock absorber allows for separate load paths for the damper element and the coil spring to the chassis.