A spindle sleeve and washer for adjusting the camber, toe, or thrust angle of a vehicle wheel to a desired predetermined angle which allows for use of existing hub and spindle assembly without permanent modification to the vehicle.

A modular electronic damping control system is described and includes a damping component located at a vehicle suspension location. The modular electronic damping control system also includes a control system configured to control the damping component, and determine the type of damping component present. Also, the control system is configured to automatically tune a vehicle's suspension based on the type of damping component present, and automatically monitor the damping component and determine when a change has been made to the damping component so that the control system can then automatically re-tune the vehicle's suspension based on the change to the damping component.

Disclosed are a suspension mount structure of an electrified vehicle and a method for evaluating performance thereof. The suspension mount structure includes an upper structure of the electrified vehicle; and a suspension on which the upper structure is mounted, wherein vibration occurring at a location below the suspension is transmitted to the suspension via an axle and then is transmitted to the upper structure via the suspension, wherein the suspension includes a spring and a damper, wherein the spring and the damper are connected in series to each other and are connected in series to the upper structure.

A system for wheel alignment provides an indexable pair of washers in conjunction with a sleeve having non-concentric inner and outer surfaces that allow for adjustments to camber, toe, and thrust. The system can be retrofitted to existing axle systems using a sleeve that fits over the spindle of the axle. Rotation of the sleeve relative to the spindle provides for adjustment to wheel alignment. The indexable washers can be used to determine the precise amount of adjustment and fix the position of the sleeve once adjusted. The system can be implemented regardless of the circumferential position (i.e. azimuthal orientation) of a keyway or groove on the axle spindle that is typically used to lock the position of the axle nut.

A spindle sleeve and washer for adjusting the camber, toe, or thrust angle of a vehicle wheel to a desired predetermined angle which allows for use of existing hub and spindle assembly without permanent modification to the vehicle.

A spindle sleeve and washer for adjusting the camber, toe, or thrust angle of a vehicle wheel to a desired predetermined angle which allows for use of existing hub and spindle assembly without permanent modification to the vehicle.

A method of modeling and designing a helical spring, the helical spring including a top end turn (1), a top transition turn (2), an active turn (3), a bottom transition turn (4), and a bottom end turn (5) from top to bottom, the method including: utilizing first interpolation to determine the radius (R3) of the active turn (3), wherein the active turn (3) is as a function of the longitudinal overall length (L) of the helical spring; and utilizing second interpolation to determine the radius (R2) and the z-coordinate position (Z2) of the top transition turn (2) and the radius (R2) and the z-coordinate position (Z2) of the bottom transition turn (4), wherein each of the z-coordinate position (Z3(θ, L)) of the active turn (3), the radius (R2) and the z-coordinate position (Z2) of the top transition turn (2) and the radius (R2), and the z-coordinate position (Z2) of the bottom transition turn (4) is as a function of the longitudinal overall length (L) and the twist angle (θ) of the helical spring.

A sensory evaluation system performs sensory evaluation on a plurality of sensory indexes corresponding to respective feelings of an occupant according to traveling of a moving body, and includes: a data adjustment unit that generates evaluation data to be used for the sensory evaluation based on information acquired according to the traveling of the moving body; an evaluation index determination unit that selects at least any one sensory index as an evaluation index from among the plurality of sensory indexes based on the information; an evaluation unit that calculates an evaluation value for the evaluation index from the evaluation data using an evaluation circuit corresponding to the evaluation index; and an aggregation unit that aggregates the evaluation value calculated by the evaluation unit.

An apparatus for a vehicle is provided that has an axle and a spindle sleeve with a spindle sleeve inner surface axis coaxial with the axis of the axle, and a spindle sleeve outer surface axis not coaxial with the axis of the axle. A hub has an axis coaxial with the spindle sleeve outer surface axis, and the hub at least partially defines a chamber. First and second ports extend through a wall of the hub to the chamber. The hub rotates about the spindle sleeve through the aid of two bearings. Lubricant is present within the chamber, and the first port provides a pathway for a pressurized fluid to be introduced into the chamber to force the lubricant out of the chamber via the second port.

Provided is a vehicle suspension device capable of obtaining excellent steering stability and good riding comfort in conformity to a tire longitudinal spring constant. The suspension device (1) comprises: an upper arm (2); a lower arm (4); a wheel support (8); and a shock absorber (12) having an upper end attached to a vehicle body (B) of a vehicle and a lower end attached to the lower arm, wherein the upper arm and the lower arm are arranged such that a ratio ζ.sub.scuff of a scuff change-based apparent damping coefficient C.sub.scuff to a critical damping coefficient C.sub.C of the suspension device becomes equal to or greater than a lower limit, under the condition that the vehicle is traveling straight ahead on a flat road at a given vehicle speed, wherein the scuff change-based apparent damping coefficient C.sub.scuff is obtained by dividing, by a stroke speed of a wheel, an up-down directional component of a vehicle width-directional force arising on a ground contact surface of the wheel due to a vehicle width-directional displacement of the wheel occurring along with a stroke of the wheel, and the lower limit is set such that it becomes larger as a tire longitudinal spring constant of the wheel becomes smaller.