A slip control method and arrangement for a drivetrain including a continuously variable transmission, forward-reverse clutch arrangement and an optional three-speed gearbox is described herein. The forward-reverse clutch arrangement includes a clutch that is so controlled as to slip when a torque higher than the usable torque attempts to pass through. Accordingly, the clutch prevents the prime mover from stalling.

A multipurpose vehicle includes an engine, a travel transmission device, a continuously variable transmission device, and a spacer housing capable of becoming attached to and detached from the engine, the continuously variable transmission device, and the travel transmission device. The spacer housing contains an engine output shaft, a transmission device input shaft of the continuously variable transmission device, a first connecting portion connecting the engine output shaft with the transmission device input shaft in an interlocking manner, a transmission device output shaft of the continuously variable transmission device, a transmission input shaft of the travel transmission device, and a second connecting portion connecting the transmission device output shaft with the transmission input shaft in an interlocking manner.

A transfer for a four wheel drive vehicle includes first and second distribution mechanisms that respectively include first and second clutches configured to be controlled to a half-engaged state. The first and second distribution mechanisms distribute a portion of power outputted from a power source to a second transmission mechanism respectively through the first and second clutches. A first difference is different from a second difference. The first difference is a difference between a gear ratio from an input shaft of the first clutch to a first driving wheel and a gear ratio from an output shaft of the first clutch to a second driving wheel. The second difference is a difference between a gear ratio from an input shaft of the second clutch to the first driving wheel and a gear ratio from an output shaft of the second clutch to the second driving wheel.

A transfer for a four wheel drive vehicle includes first and second distribution mechanisms. The first distribution mechanism includes a first clutch and is configured to distribute a portion of power from a power source to a second transmission mechanism through the first clutch. The second distribution mechanism includes a planetary gear set and a second clutch, and is configured to distribute a portion of power from the power source to a second transmission mechanism through the planetary gear set and the second clutch in order. The first and second clutches are configured to be controlled to a half-engaged state between engagement and disengagement. An input shaft of the first distribution mechanism and an input shaft of the planetary gear set are unitized.

A moving body drive unit has an electric motor that is located inside the case and has a motor shaft extending in a first direction, a gear shaft that is located, inside the case, parallel to the motor shaft so as to extend in the first direction and has a bevel gear formed thereon, an intermediate gear mechanism that transmits power from the motor shaft to the gear shaft, and a differential gear device that is located inside the case and has a ring gear that meshes with the bevel gear to transmit power from the gear shaft to two output shafts extending in a second direction. The motor shaft and the gear shaft are arranged at different positions in both the second direction and in a third direction that is orthogonal to both the first direction and the second direction.

[Technical problem] To provide a power transmission mechanism for a four-wheel drive vehicle in which a prime mover is disposed at a low position to lower the center of gravity of the vehicle while a driving path from a transmission to a front wheel differential mechanism is also shortened. [Solutions] In a power transmission mechanism for a four-wheel drive vehicle, the power of a prime mover is transmitted to a front wheel differential mechanism which is disposed in front of the prime mover, and to a rear wheel differential mechanism which is disposed behind a transmission, through the transmission which is disposed behind the prime mover. The transmission comprises a front and rear wheel drive shaft that extends along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body. The transmission is arranged separately from the prime mover and a rear axle drive device. The rear end portion of the front and rear wheel drive shaft is connected to an input shaft of the rear wheel differential mechanism. The front end portion of the front and rear wheel drive shaft is connected to an input shaft of the front wheel differential mechanism via a front wheel power transmission shaft that extends along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body and passes through the space beneath the prime mover. The front wheel differential mechanism, the prime mover, the transmission, and the rear wheel differential mechanism are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body at the center of the vehicle width of the vehicle.

A drive includes a rotatably mounted planet carrier, planet gears, a ring gear having internal teeth and external teeth, a rotatably mounted sun gear, and a first gear wheel meshing with the external teeth of the ring gear. The first gear wheel is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the rotor shaft of a first electric motor, the drive has a second gear wheel meshing with a toothed part, the second gear wheel is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the rotor shaft of a second electric motor, and the toothed part is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the sun gear.

A utility vehicle includes an exhaust assembly fluidly coupled to an engine. Depending on various parameters, such as the size and/or performance of the vehicle, the exhaust assembly is required to meet certain emissions regulations. Such emissions regulations may be met by increasing the temperature within the exhaust assembly, however, at particularly high temperatures, a catalyst of the exhaust assembly may be damaged. Therefore, the exhaust assembly includes various options for cooling portions thereof to remove heat from the assembly.

A vehicle including an engine body that has a crankcase that rotatably supports a crankshaft, a cylinder, and a cylinder head provided with an intake port and an exhaust port, in which a central axis of the crankshaft extends in the vehicle width direction, a CVT disposed on a side portion in the vehicle width direction of the engine body, a transmission disposed on one side in a front-rear direction of the engine body, an intake pipe connected to the intake port, an air cleaner connected to the intake pipe, an exhaust pipe connected to the exhaust port, and an exhaust muffler connected to the exhaust pipe. At least a part of each of the transmission, the intake pipe, the air cleaner, the exhaust pipe, and the exhaust muffler is disposed in a region where the engine body is projected in the front-rear direction.

An all-wheel drive system includes a center differential, a limited-slip differential clutch, a front-wheel torque transmission system, a rear-wheel torque transmission system, and a controller. The center differential distributes torque between front and rear wheels of a vehicle. The limited-slip differential clutch limits a differential operation of the center differential in accordance with an engaging pressure, and changes a front-rear torque distribution ratio between the front and rear wheels. The front-wheel torque transmission system transmits torque between the center differential and the front wheels. The rear-wheel torque transmission system transmits torque between the center differential and the rear wheels. The controller adjusts the engaging pressure based on a driving state of the vehicle. Reduction ratios of the front-wheel and rear-wheel torque transmission systems are set different from each other. The center differential is configured such that the front-rear torque distribution ratio is initially unequal and is changeable.