A steering system for a mower can include a wheel-specific driving unit for each wheel and a controller for providing control signals to each wheel-specific driving unit to thereby cause each wheel to be independently rotated at a different speed during a turn. By independently rotating each wheel, the mower can complete a turn without damaging the grass. The controller may also provide control signals to cause each steerable wheel to be positioned in a different wheel direction during the turn.

It is desired to reduce the manufacturing cost of a vehicle while ensuring stability of travel of the vehicle. The vehicle includes a steering force generating means, and a steering device (10, 20) for steering right and left wheels (w). The steering device (10, 20) includes tie rods (12 and 22) connected, respectively, to the right and left wheels (w), and configured to steer the respective right and left wheels, a pair of rack bars (53 and 54) connected to the respective tie rods (12 and 22), and a rack bar moving means (60) capable of moving, by a same distance, the pair of rack bars (53 and 54) in one of opposite directions or in one and the other of the opposite directions, respectively, whereby the pair of rack bars (53 and 54) are moved simultaneously with each other under the steering force generated by the steering force generating means.

One general aspect includes a system having a memory configured to include one or more executable instructions and a processor configured to execute the executable instructions, where the executable instructions enable the processor to estimate a rate of change of a hitch angle between a trailer and vehicle, the estimated rate of change of the hitch angle being based on a turn angle for a plurality of rear wheels of the vehicle as well as a speed of the vehicle.

A dual-mode active rear-wheel steering device, including: a steering motor, a main shaft, an intermediate gear, a transmission gear, a planetary gear coupling mechanism and a mode switching assembly. An output end of the steering motor is provided with a first input gear. An end of the main shaft drives a first rear wheel to rotate by a two-stage gear transmission system and a first rear-wheel motion conversion mechanism, and the other end of the main shaft drives a second rear wheel to rotate by the planetary gear coupling mechanism and a second rear-wheel motion conversion mechanism. The intermediate gear, the transmission gear and a sun gear of the planetary gear coupling mechanism are provided on the main shaft. The intermediate gear meshes with the first input gear.

A turning controller for a vehicle is configured to execute: a time obtaining process that obtains collision prediction time; a lateral movement amount determining process that determines whether a target lateral movement amount is greater than or equal to a lateral movement amount determination value; and an automatic turning process that, in a case in which the collision prediction time is shorter than or equal to a determination prediction time, outputs a command for steering the front wheel to the front wheel steering device and outputs a command for steering the rear wheel to the rear wheel steering device, in order to avoid a collision between the vehicle and the obstacle; a counter-phase process in the automatic turning process in a case in which the target lateral movement amount is determined to be greater than or equal to the lateral movement amount determination value.

The present disclosure relates to a rear-wheel steering system and a controlling method thereof. The rear-wheel steering system includes: a rack configured to transmit a driving force generated from a rear-wheel steering motor to rear wheels; a first correction module configured to, when an engine is started, detect a position of the rack using a displacement sensor and calculate a first correction value that is a difference between the detected position and a neutral position; a second correction module configured to, when the engine is started, detect a position of the rack using a motor position sensor that detects a rotation angle of the rear-wheel steering motor and calculate a second correction value that is a difference between the detected position and the neutral position; a comparison determiner configured to compare the first correction value and the second correction value to determine whether the displacement sensor has malfunctioned; and a steering controller configured to control an operation of the rear-wheel steering motor. Accordingly, it is possible to determine whether an error occurs in the displacement sensor and to return the rack to the neutral position even when the error has occurred in the displacement sensor.

A dual-mode active rear-wheel steering device, including: a steering motor, a main shaft, an intermediate gear, a transmission gear, a planetary gear coupling mechanism and a mode switching assembly. An output end of the steering motor is provided with a first input gear. An end of the main shaft drives a first rear wheel to rotate by a two-stage gear transmission system and a first rear-wheel motion conversion mechanism, and the other end of the main shaft drives a second rear wheel to rotate by the planetary gear coupling mechanism and a second rear-wheel motion conversion mechanism. The intermediate gear, the transmission gear and a sun gear of the planetary gear coupling mechanism are provided on the main shaft. The intermediate gear meshes with the first input gear.

One general aspect includes a system having a memory configured to include one or more executable instructions and a processor configured to execute the executable instructions, where the executable instructions enable the processor to estimate a rate of change of a hitch angle between a trailer and vehicle, the estimated rate of change of the hitch angle being based on a turn angle for a plurality of rear wheels of the vehicle as well as a speed of the vehicle.

A steerable, self-propelled cart for safely delivering heavy loads, such as concrete, within job sites with unlevel, irregular, or sloped terrain. A cargo bucket is tiltable over front drive wheels for transporting and dumping cargo. Hydraulic drive motors driven by a hydraulic pump propel rear wheels at a selectable speed. Steering handlebars rotate a steering column that turns the rear wheels. A throttle cable extending from the handlebars controls the throttle setting by pivoting a throttle lever mounted on the hydraulic pump. Limiting linkages extend from flanges on an anchor bracket secured to the steering column to a bridge on the throttle lever. As the steering column rotates, the limit linkages are wound partially about it, pivoting the throttle lever by pulling on the bridge, reducing pump speed. Heavy steering displacements will retract the throttle lever to reduce cart speed notwithstanding the previous speed setting chosen by the operator via the cable.

A steering system for a mower can include a wheel-specific driving unit for each wheel and a controller for providing control signals to each wheel-specific driving unit to thereby cause each wheel to be independently rotated at a different speed during a turn. By independently rotating each wheel, the mower can complete a turn without damaging the grass. The controller may also provide control signals to cause each steerable wheel to be positioned in a different wheel direction during the turn.