The invention relates to the preparation of synthetic melted mica materials, and specifically relates to a stone casting process and to the composition of an initial feedstock, and may be used in the creation of novel types of stone casting in the metallurgical, mining/enrichment, refractory and construction industries. A method for producing melt-cast potassium fluorine-phlogopite includes preparing feedstock by mixing mica-containing and fluorine-containing components, melting the produced feedstock, pouring the melt into a mold, allowing to sit, removing the casting from the mold, and cooling; according to the claimed invention, the mica-containing component consists of vermiculite (60-90 wt % and the fluorine-containing component consists of potassium cryolite 10-40 wt %, wherein, the feedstock is melted via the sequential stepped heating thereof, and the feedstock is prepared by layering components, wherein the top layer of the feedstock consists of a mixture of components, and the melt is poured into a preheated mold. The use of the present invention allows for enhancing the chemical purity of the potassium fluorine-phlogopite, increasing the corrosion and erosion resistance of the material, and improving the accuracy of the chemical composition of the yielded product.

The invention relates to the preparation of synthetic melted mica materials, and specifically relates to a stone casting process and to the composition of an initial feedstock, and may be used in the creation of novel types of stone casting in the metallurgical, mining/enrichment, refractory and construction industries. A method for producing melt-cast potassium fluorine-phlogopite includes preparing feedstock by mixing mica-containing and fluorine-containing components, melting the produced feedstock, pouring the melt into a mold, allowing to sit, removing the casting from the mold, and cooling; according to the claimed invention, the mica-containing component consists of vermiculite (60-90 wt % and the fluorine-containing component consists of potassium cryolite 10-40 wt %, wherein, the feedstock is melted via the sequential stepped heating thereof, and the feedstock is prepared by layering components, wherein the top layer of the feedstock consists of a mixture of components, and the melt is poured into a preheated mold. The use of the present invention allows for enhancing the chemical purity of the potassium fluorine-phlogopite, increasing the corrosion and erosion resistance of the material, and improving the accuracy of the chemical composition of the yielded product.

An object of the present invention is to provide a new nanogranular structure material having magneto-optical properties different from those of existing nanogranular structure materials, and a method for producing the same. The nanogranular structure material has a composition represented by L-M-F—O wherein L is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Fe, Co, and Ni, and M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Li, Be, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Sr, Ba, Bi, and rare earth elements, F is fluorine, and O is oxygen. The nanogranular structure material according to the present invention is composed of a matrix formed of a fluorine compound having a composition represented by M-F and metal oxide nanoparticles dispersed in the matrix and having a composition represented by L-O.

A coating material containing an oxyfluoride of yttrium and having a Fisher diameter of 1.0 to 10 μm and a tap density TD to apparent density AD ratio, TD/AD, of 1.6 to 3.5. The coating material preferably has a pore volume of pores with a diameter of 100 μm or smaller of 1.0 cm.sup.3/g or less as measured by mercury intrusion porosimetry. A coating containing an oxyfluoride of yttrium and having a Vickers hardness of 200 HV0.01 or higher. The coating preferably has a fracture toughness of 1.0×10.sup.2 Pa.Math.m.sup.1/2 or higher.

A coating material containing an oxyfluoride of yttrium and having a Fisher diameter of 1.0 to 10 μm and a tap density TD to apparent density AD ratio, TD/AD, of 1.6 to 3.5. The coating material preferably has a pore volume of pores with a diameter of 100 μm or smaller of 1.0 cm.sup.3/g or less as measured by mercury intrusion porosimetry. A coating containing an oxyfluoride of yttrium and having a Vickers hardness of 200 HV0.01 or higher. The coating preferably has a fracture toughness of 1.0×10.sup.2 Pa.Math.m.sup.1/2 or higher.

A composition for generating chlorine dioxide comprises active ingredients, a suitable hydrophobic compound, and a suitable super absorbent compound. A suitable hydrophobic compound will, among other characteristics, repel the solvent for at least the initial 30 seconds of exposure thereto. A suitable super absorbent compound will, among other characteristics, absorb at least 75 times its weight in solvent and will not gel until the chlorine-dioxide generating reaction is substantially complete.

A doped spinel comprising the formula:
Li.sub.1±wMe1.sub.vMe2.sub.x-vMn.sub.2-x-yTiyO.sub.4-zF.sub.z
where, 0≦w<1, 0.3<x≦0.7, 0.3≦v<0.7, x>v, 0.0001≦y≦0.35, and 0.0001≦z≦0.3. Me1 is a metal selected from a group of elements consisting of Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn. Me2 is a metal selected from a group of elements consisting of Ni, Fe, Co, Mg, Cr, V, Ru, Mg, Al, Zn, Cu, Cd, Ag, Y, Sc, Ga, In, As, Sb, Pt, Au, and B.

A doped spinel comprising the formula:
Li.sub.1±wMe1.sub.vMe2.sub.x-vMn.sub.2-x-yTiyO.sub.4-zF.sub.z
where, 0≦w<1, 0.3<x≦0.7, 0.3≦v<0.7, x>v, 0.0001≦y≦0.35, and 0.0001≦z≦0.3. Me1 is a metal selected from a group of elements consisting of Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn. Me2 is a metal selected from a group of elements consisting of Ni, Fe, Co, Mg, Cr, V, Ru, Mg, Al, Zn, Cu, Cd, Ag, Y, Sc, Ga, In, As, Sb, Pt, Au, and B.

A positive electrode active material contains a lithium composite oxide containing fluorine and oxygen. The lithium composite oxide satisfies 1<Zs/Za<8, where Zs represents a first ratio of a molar quantity of fluorine to a total molar quantity of fluorine and oxygen in XPS of the lithium composite oxide, and Za represents a second ratio of a molar quantity of fluorine to a total molar quantity of fluorine and oxygen in an average composition of the lithium composite oxide. An XRD pattern of the lithium composite oxide includes a first maximum peak within a first range of 18° to 20° at a diffraction angle 2θ and a second maximum peak within a second range of 43° to 46° at the diffraction angle 2θ. The ratio I.sub.(18°-20°)/I.sub.(43°-46°) of a first integrated intensity I.sub.(18°-20°) of the first maximum peak to a second integrated intensity I.sub.(43°-46°) of the second maximum peak satisfies 0.05≤I.sub.(18°-20°)/I.sub.(43°-46°)≤0.90.

A positive electrode active material contains a lithium composite oxide containing fluorine and oxygen. The lithium composite oxide satisfies 1<Zs/Za<8, where Zs represents a first ratio of a molar quantity of fluorine to a total molar quantity of fluorine and oxygen in XPS of the lithium composite oxide, and Za represents a second ratio of a molar quantity of fluorine to a total molar quantity of fluorine and oxygen in an average composition of the lithium composite oxide. An XRD pattern of the lithium composite oxide includes a first maximum peak within a first range of 18° to 20° at a diffraction angle 2θ and a second maximum peak within a second range of 43° to 46° at the diffraction angle 2θ. The ratio I.sub.(18°-20°)/I.sub.(43°-46°) of a first integrated intensity I.sub.(18°-20°) of the first maximum peak to a second integrated intensity I.sub.(43°-46°) of the second maximum peak satisfies 0.05≤I.sub.(18°-20°)/I.sub.(43°-46°)≤0.90.