The present invention relates to a carbonaceous material having a silicon element content of less than 200 ppm, a powder conductivity of 10.0 to 22.0 S/cm, a total amount of surface functional groups of 0.22 to 0.36 meq/g, and a pore volume of 0.10 to 0.20 cm.sup.3/g in terms of pores having a pore size of not less than 4 nm as measured by a BJH method.

The present invention relates to a carbonaceous material having a silicon element content of less than 200 ppm, a powder conductivity of 10.0 to 22.0 S/cm, a total amount of surface functional groups of 0.22 to 0.36 meq/g, and a pore volume of 0.10 to 0.20 cm.sup.3/g in terms of pores having a pore size of not less than 4 nm as measured by a BJH method.

In a method of preparing an immobilized selenium system or body, a selenium — carbon — oxygen mixture is formed. The mixture is then heated to a temperature above the melting temperature of selenium and the heated mixture is then cooled to ambient or room temperature, thereby forming the immobilized selenium system or body.

In a method of preparing an immobilized selenium system or body, a selenium — carbon — oxygen mixture is formed. The mixture is then heated to a temperature above the melting temperature of selenium and the heated mixture is then cooled to ambient or room temperature, thereby forming the immobilized selenium system or body.

The present invention discloses a lignin-based hierarchical porous carbon with high specific surface area and preparation method and application thereof. The present invention employs maleic anhydride, acrylic acid, and hypophosphorous acid to modify a lignin, then performs a cross-linking reaction with a glutaraldehyde-triethanolamine condensate to prepare a lignin graft-copolymerized by phosphino carboxylic acid copolymer, and then dropwise adding a soluble calcium salt solution and a soluble carbonate solution into the lignin graft-copolymerized by phosphino carboxylic acid copolymer dispersion successively, co-precipitates to prepare a lignin/nano CaCO.sub.3 complex, finally obtains a lignin-based hierarchical porous carbon with high specific surface area through carbonizing at a high temperature. The preparation method of the present invention may enable nano CaCO.sub.3 to be uniformly and stably dispersed in a three-dimensional network structure of the lignin graft-copolymerized by phosphino carboxylic acid copolymer, realizing full and uniform complexation of the lignin with nano CaCO.sub.3.

The present invention discloses a lignin-based hierarchical porous carbon with high specific surface area and preparation method and application thereof. The present invention employs maleic anhydride, acrylic acid, and hypophosphorous acid to modify a lignin, then performs a cross-linking reaction with a glutaraldehyde-triethanolamine condensate to prepare a lignin graft-copolymerized by phosphino carboxylic acid copolymer, and then dropwise adding a soluble calcium salt solution and a soluble carbonate solution into the lignin graft-copolymerized by phosphino carboxylic acid copolymer dispersion successively, co-precipitates to prepare a lignin/nano CaCO.sub.3 complex, finally obtains a lignin-based hierarchical porous carbon with high specific surface area through carbonizing at a high temperature. The preparation method of the present invention may enable nano CaCO.sub.3 to be uniformly and stably dispersed in a three-dimensional network structure of the lignin graft-copolymerized by phosphino carboxylic acid copolymer, realizing full and uniform complexation of the lignin with nano CaCO.sub.3.

It is disclosed purifies industrial lignin, performs Mannich reaction on purified industrial lignin, aldehyde and amino acid, simultaneously dopes nitrogen and sulfur elements into lignin, and performs high-temperature activation to obtain the carbonized amino acid modified lignin in accordance with a principle of green chemistry; a porous carbon material is prepared from the carbonized amino acid modified lignin by means of a two-step activation method, and an electrochemical workstation is applied to investigate electrochemical performance of the carbonized amino acid modified lignin as a supercapacitor; layered porous carbon having high specific surface area is prepared, the layered porous carbon has high specific heat capacity and stable cycle performance without attenuation when the supercapacitor is prepared from the layered porous carbon, and the method used has a wide application prospect in the aspect of preparing a porous carbon material for the supercapacitor.

It is disclosed purifies industrial lignin, performs Mannich reaction on purified industrial lignin, aldehyde and amino acid, simultaneously dopes nitrogen and sulfur elements into lignin, and performs high-temperature activation to obtain the carbonized amino acid modified lignin in accordance with a principle of green chemistry; a porous carbon material is prepared from the carbonized amino acid modified lignin by means of a two-step activation method, and an electrochemical workstation is applied to investigate electrochemical performance of the carbonized amino acid modified lignin as a supercapacitor; layered porous carbon having high specific surface area is prepared, the layered porous carbon has high specific heat capacity and stable cycle performance without attenuation when the supercapacitor is prepared from the layered porous carbon, and the method used has a wide application prospect in the aspect of preparing a porous carbon material for the supercapacitor.

The present invention aims to provide an activated carbon for adsorbing a molecular polar substance with excellent adsorption property to a molecular polar substance and regeneratability. The present invention provides an activated carbon for adsorbing a molecular polar substance obtained by an alkali activation method, wherein the activated carbon has an acidic functional group in an amount of 2.1 meq/g or more, a basic functional group in an amount of more than 0 to 0.6 meq/g, and a specific surface area of 1000 to 4000 m.sup.2/g.

The present invention aims to provide an activated carbon for adsorbing a molecular polar substance with excellent adsorption property to a molecular polar substance and regeneratability. The present invention provides an activated carbon for adsorbing a molecular polar substance obtained by an alkali activation method, wherein the activated carbon has an acidic functional group in an amount of 2.1 meq/g or more, a basic functional group in an amount of more than 0 to 0.6 meq/g, and a specific surface area of 1000 to 4000 m.sup.2/g.