Methods and systems directed to recovery of lithium (e.g., lithium salts) from liquid streams are provided. In some embodiments, methods relate to obtaining lithium (e.g., as a solid lithium salt) by removing at least a portion of liquid from a feed stream to form a concentrated stream with respect to solubilized lithium cations. Liquid removal may include transporting at least a portion of the feed stream to an osmotic unit and/or a humidifier. Some methods include removing impurities (e.g., non-lithium cations) from the concentrated stream (e.g., via precipitation and/or crystallization). In some embodiments, solutions containing solubilized lithium cations and anions are electrochemically-treated such that first solubilized anions are replaced with second, different anions. In some embodiments, solid lithium salt containing at least a portion of the lithium cations and the second anions is obtained (e.g., via precipitation and/or crystallization following concentration of the electrochemically-treated solution in a humidifier).

Methods and systems directed to recovery of lithium (e.g., lithium salts) from liquid streams are provided. In some embodiments, methods relate to obtaining lithium (e.g., as a solid lithium salt) by removing at least a portion of liquid from a feed stream to form a concentrated stream with respect to solubilized lithium cations. Liquid removal may include transporting at least a portion of the feed stream to an osmotic unit and/or a humidifier. Some methods include removing impurities (e.g., non-lithium cations) from the concentrated stream (e.g., via precipitation and/or crystallization). In some embodiments, solutions containing solubilized lithium cations and anions are electrochemically-treated such that first solubilized anions are replaced with second, different anions. In some embodiments, solid lithium salt containing at least a portion of the lithium cations and the second anions is obtained (e.g., via precipitation and/or crystallization following concentration of the electrochemically-treated solution in a humidifier).

A mobile phase including a lithium salt flows through a stationary phase including an oxygenated metal compound with affinity to the lithium salt through a Lewis acid-Lewis base interaction so that the oxygenated metal compound captures the lithium salt through the Lewis acid-Lewis base interaction. An eluent flows through the stationary phase to release the lithium salt captured by the oxygenated metal compound into the eluent. The eluent includes a Lewis base or a Lewis acid that disrupts the Lewis acid-Lewis base interaction between the lithium salt and the oxygenated metal compound. The eluent including the released lithium salt is collected after the eluent flows through the stationary phase.

A mobile phase including a lithium salt flows through a stationary phase including an oxygenated metal compound with affinity to the lithium salt through a Lewis acid-Lewis base interaction so that the oxygenated metal compound captures the lithium salt through the Lewis acid-Lewis base interaction. An eluent flows through the stationary phase to release the lithium salt captured by the oxygenated metal compound into the eluent. The eluent includes a Lewis base or a Lewis acid that disrupts the Lewis acid-Lewis base interaction between the lithium salt and the oxygenated metal compound. The eluent including the released lithium salt is collected after the eluent flows through the stationary phase.

The production method of the present disclosure includes heat-treating a material mixture containing a compound containing Y, a compound containing Gd, NH.sub.4α, Liβ, and Caγ.sub.2 in an inert gas atmosphere. The compound containing Y is at least one selected from the group consisting of Y.sub.2O.sub.3 and Yδ.sub.3, and the compound containing Gd is at least one selected from the group consisting of Gd.sub.2O.sub.3 and Gdε.sub.3. The material mixture contains at least one selected from the group consisting of Y.sub.2O.sub.3 and Gd.sub.2O.sub.3, and α, β, γ, δ, and ε are each independently at least one selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, and I.

The production method of the present disclosure includes heat-treating a material mixture containing a compound containing Y, a compound containing Gd, NH.sub.4α, Liβ, and Caγ.sub.2 in an inert gas atmosphere. The compound containing Y is at least one selected from the group consisting of Y.sub.2O.sub.3 and Yδ.sub.3, and the compound containing Gd is at least one selected from the group consisting of Gd.sub.2O.sub.3 and Gdε.sub.3. The material mixture contains at least one selected from the group consisting of Y.sub.2O.sub.3 and Gd.sub.2O.sub.3, and α, β, γ, δ, and ε are each independently at least one selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, and I.

The present invention relates to the field of solid materials for the adsorption of lithium. In particular, the present invention relates to a novel process for preparing a solid crystalline material formed preferably in extrudate form, of formula (LiCl).sub.x.2Al(OH).sub.3,nH.sub.2O with n being between 0.01 and 10, x being between 0.4 and 1, comprising a step a) to precipitate boehmite under specific conditions of temperature and pH, a step to place the precipitate obtained in contact with a specific quantity of LiCl, at least one forming step preferably via extrusion, said process also comprising a final hydrothermal treatment step, all allowing an increase in lithium adsorption capacity and in the adsorption kinetics of the materials obtained compared to prior art materials, when used in a process to extract lithium from saline solutions.

The present invention relates to the field of solid materials for the adsorption of lithium. In particular, the present invention relates to a novel process for preparing a solid crystalline material formed preferably in extrudate form, of formula (LiCl).sub.x.2Al(OH).sub.3,nH.sub.2O with n being between 0.01 and 10, x being between 0.4 and 1, comprising a step a) to precipitate boehmite under specific conditions of temperature and pH, a step to place the precipitate obtained in contact with a specific quantity of LiCl, at least one forming step preferably via extrusion, said process also comprising a final hydrothermal treatment step, all allowing an increase in lithium adsorption capacity and in the adsorption kinetics of the materials obtained compared to prior art materials, when used in a process to extract lithium from saline solutions.

The present invention relates to an apparatus for the generation, transmission, distribution and/or usage of electrical energy. The apparatus comprising a housing enclosing an insulating space and an electrical component arranged in the insulating space. The insulating space containing a dielectric insulation gas comprising an organofluorine compound. The apparatus further comprises a desiccant arranged such as to come into contact with the insulation gas. The desiccant contains or essentially consists of lithium bromide.

The present invention relates to an apparatus for the generation, transmission, distribution and/or usage of electrical energy. The apparatus comprising a housing enclosing an insulating space and an electrical component arranged in the insulating space. The insulating space containing a dielectric insulation gas comprising an organofluorine compound. The apparatus further comprises a desiccant arranged such as to come into contact with the insulation gas. The desiccant contains or essentially consists of lithium bromide.