The present invention introduces natural and environmentally acceptable (friendly) chemical compositions for fire-fighting liquids and additives, as well as additives for enhanced oil recovery, oil & gas operation facilities and ships, oil refineries and petrochemical industry, drilling and drilling operations, corrosion protection, de-scaling and scaling prevention, cleaning of raw wool, cotton, textile and fabrics, general industrial cleaning and paint/coating removal, leather, fur and skin industries, sewage and effluent treatment, agriculture, meat, fish and poultry industries, olive oil, vegetable oils, and fruit juice industries, health and beauty and pharmaceutical industries, microbial control and insecticide/biocide, soil remediation, and heat and energy conducting fluids.

The present invention introduces natural and environmentally acceptable (friendly) chemical compositions for fire-fighting liquids and additives, as well as additives for enhanced oil recovery, oil & gas operation facilities and ships, oil refineries and petrochemical industry, drilling and drilling operations, corrosion protection, de-scaling and scaling prevention, cleaning of raw wool, cotton, textile and fabrics, general industrial cleaning and paint/coating removal, leather, fur and skin industries, sewage and effluent treatment, agriculture, meat, fish and poultry industries, olive oil, vegetable oils, and fruit juice industries, health and beauty and pharmaceutical industries, microbial control and insecticide/biocide, soil remediation, and heat and energy conducting fluids.

Systems and processes for producing potassium sulfate that include providing an industrial waste material that includes at least sodium sulfate, reacting the sodium sulfate with potassium chloride to produce a byproduct comprising potassium sulfate and a chloride-containing brine, and reacting the chloride-containing brine with barium chloride to produce barium sulfate and sodium chloride.

Systems and processes for producing potassium sulfate that include providing an industrial waste material that includes at least sodium sulfate, reacting the sodium sulfate with potassium chloride to produce a byproduct comprising potassium sulfate and a chloride-containing brine, and reacting the chloride-containing brine with barium chloride to produce barium sulfate and sodium chloride.

The alunite ore processing method consists of crushing, grinding and flotation of raw alunite ore. The enriched alunite ore is roasted at 520 to 620 C., the roasting time is 1 to 3 hours. The roasted alunite is leached with 5 to 20% sodium carbonate solution, which is in 100 to 110% of the stoichiometric amount required to bond the SO.sub.3 aluminum sulfate in the alunite with leaching conditions of 70-100 C. for 0.5-2.0 hours. The obtained slurry contains all of the potassium sulfate from the alunite and all of the sodium sulfate obtained from sodium carbonate. In the insoluble residue remains all aluminium oxide and residual rock. The sulfate solution is separated from the insoluble residue and is converted with potassium chloride to potassium sulphate (fertilizer) and kitchen salt. The insoluble residue is treated by the Bayer method without the use of an autoclave and results in aluminium oxide (alumina) and quartz sand.

A novel salt composition and a corresponding method of manufacture are described herein. The salt composition is formed from a plurality of salt crystals with a surface area of at least 0.19-0.23 m.sup.2/g and a Hall density of less than 0.8 g/cm.sup.3. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the salt composition has a hopper cube morphology.

A novel salt composition and a corresponding method of manufacture are described herein. The salt composition is formed from a plurality of salt crystals with a surface area of at least 0.19-0.23 m.sup.2/g and a Hall density of less than 0.8 g/cm.sup.3. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the salt composition has a hopper cube morphology.

Processes are provided which pyrolytically extract hydrochloric acid from a magnesium ion-rich salt mixture. In this regard, a supply of the magnesium ion-rich salt mixture (e.g., bittern) may be directed to a pyrolytic chamber where it is contacted with heated gas (e.g., combustion flue gas) at a sufficient temperature and for a sufficient time to form a vapor product stream comprised of hydrochloric acid and an insoluble pyrolyzed mixed salt stream comprised of magnesium hydroxide and sodium sulfate decahydrate. The solid pyrolyzed mixed salt stream may be separated into separate product streams comprising the insoluble magnesium hydroxide and remaining soluble salt fractions, while the vapor product stream of hydrochloric acid from the pyrolytic chamber may be condensed form an aqueous HCl solution. The magnesium ion rich salt mixture may be dehydrated prior to pyrolysis to achieve magnesium ions in a tetrahydrate state or lower (e.g., a monohydrate to a trihydrate state).

Processes are provided which pyrolytically extract hydrochloric acid from a magnesium ion-rich salt mixture. In this regard, a supply of the magnesium ion-rich salt mixture (e.g., bittern) may be directed to a pyrolytic chamber where it is contacted with heated gas (e.g., combustion flue gas) at a sufficient temperature and for a sufficient time to form a vapor product stream comprised of hydrochloric acid and an insoluble pyrolyzed mixed salt stream comprised of magnesium hydroxide and sodium sulfate decahydrate. The solid pyrolyzed mixed salt stream may be separated into separate product streams comprising the insoluble magnesium hydroxide and remaining soluble salt fractions, while the vapor product stream of hydrochloric acid from the pyrolytic chamber may be condensed form an aqueous HCl solution. The magnesium ion rich salt mixture may be dehydrated prior to pyrolysis to achieve magnesium ions in a tetrahydrate state or lower (e.g., a monohydrate to a trihydrate state).

A novel salt composition and a corresponding method of manufacture are described herein. The salt composition is formed from a plurality of salt crystals with a surface area of at least 0.19-0.23 m.sup.2/g and a Hall density of less than 0.8 g/cm.sup.3. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the salt composition has a hopper cube morphology.